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- W2117924426 abstract "In this paper the author states that in preparing small cylinders of bismuth by casting them in glass tubes, he had often been embarrassed by the anomalous magnetic results which they gave, and that having determined to investigate the matter closely, it ended in a reference of the effects to the crystalline condition of the bismuth, which may be thus briefly stated. If bismuth be crystallized in the ordinary way, and then a crystal, or a group of symmetric crystals, be selected and suspended in the magnetic field between horizontal poles, it immediately either points in a given direction, or vibrates about a given position, as a small magnetic needle would do, and if disturbed from this position it returns to it. On re-suspending the crystal so that the horizontal line which is transverse to the magnetic axis shall become the vertical line, the crystal then points with its maximum degree of force. If it be again re-suspended so that the line parallel to the magnetic axis be rendered vertical, the crystal loses all directive force. This line of direction, therefore, which tends to place itself parallel to the magnetic axis, the author calls the crystallic axis of the crystal. It is perpendicular, or nearly so, to the brightest and most perfect of the four cleavage planes of the crystal. It is the same for all crystals of bismuth. Whether this magnecrystallic axis is parallel or transverse to the magnetic axis, the bismuth is in both cases repelled from a single, or the stronger of two poles; its diamagnetic relations being in no way affected. If the crystal be broken up, or if it be fused and resolidified, and the metal then subjected to the action of the magnet, the diamagnetic phenomena remain, but the magnecrystallic results disappear, because of the confused and opposing crystalline condition of the various parts. If an ingot of bismuth be broken up and fragmentary plates selected which are crystallized uniformly throughout, these also point; the magnecrystallic axis being, as before, perpendicular to the chief plane of cleavage, and the external form, in this respect, of no consequence. The effect takes place when the crystal is surrounded by masses of bismuth, or when it is immersed in water, or in a solution of sulphate of iron, and with as much force, apparently, as if nothing intervened." @default.
- W2117924426 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2117924426 date "1851-12-31" @default.
- W2117924426 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W2117924426 title "Experimental researches in electricity. Twenty-second series. 28. On the crystalline polarity of bismuth and other bodies, and on its relation to the magnetic form of force" @default.
- W2117924426 doi "https://doi.org/10.1098/rspl.1843.0167" @default.
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