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- W2118733892 abstract "We determined the toxin-gene profiles of 239 endemic, invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) isolates that circulated, within a 5-year period, in European university hospitals. Profiling was performed by use of multiplex polymerase chain reaction that screened for 9 streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins (speA, speB, speC, speF, speG, speH, speJ, ssa, and smeZ). Analysis revealed that invasive GAS isolates do not share a common toxin-gene profile. Although all emm types were characterized by several different toxin-gene profiles, a predominance of 1 or 2 toxin-gene profiles could be observed, reflecting that a few invasive clones have spread successfully throughout the world. Remarkably, statistical pair-wise analysis of individual toxin genes revealed that strains that did not share the predominant profile still showed a nonrandom distribution of key toxin genes characteristic of the specific emm type. This could indicate that M proteins function, directly or indirectly, as barriers for horizontal gene exchange." @default.
- W2118733892 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2118733892 date "2003-11-15" @default.
- W2118733892 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W2118733892 title "Toxin‐Gene Profile Heterogeneity among Endemic Invasive European Group A Streptococcal Isolates" @default.
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- W2118733892 doi "https://doi.org/10.1086/379230" @default.
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