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- W2121921751 abstract "Chronic exposure to drugs of abuse disrupts frontostriatal glutamate transmission, which in turn meditates drug seeking. In animal models, N-Acetylcysteine normalizes dysregulated frontostriatal glutamatergic neurotransmission and prevents reinstated drug seeking; however, the effects of N-Acetylcysteine on human frontostriatal circuitry function and maintaining smoking abstinence is unknown. Thus, the current study tested the hypothesis that N-Acetylcysteine would be associated with stronger frontostriatal resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC), attenuated nicotine withdrawal and would help smokers to maintain abstinence over the study period. The present study examined the effects of N-Acetylcysteine on frontostriatal rsFC, nicotine-withdrawal symptoms and maintaining abstinence. Healthy adult, non-treatment seeking smokers (N = 16; mean (SD) age 36.5 ± 11.9; cigs/day 15.8 ± 6.1; years/smoking 15.7 ± 8.9) were randomized to a double-blind course of 2400 mg N-Acetylcysteine (1200 mg b.i.d.) or placebo over the course of 3½ days of monetary-incentivized smoking abstinence. On each abstinent day, measures of mood and craving were collected and participants attended a lab visit in order to assess smoking (i.e., expired-air carbon monoxide [CO]). On day 4, participants underwent fMRI scanning. As compared to placebo (n = 8), smokers in the N-Acetylcysteine group (n = 8) maintained abstinence, reported less craving and higher positive affect (all p's < .01), and concomitantly exhibited stronger rsFC between ventral striatal nodes, medial prefrontal cortex and precuneus—key default mode network nodes, and the cerebellum [p < .025; FWE]). Taken together, these findings suggest that N-Acetylcysteine may positively affect dysregulated corticostriatal connectivity, help to restructure reward processing, and help to maintain abstinence immediately following a quit attempt." @default.
- W2121921751 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2121921751 creator A5003992997 @default.
- W2121921751 creator A5008888266 @default.
- W2121921751 creator A5018239931 @default.
- W2121921751 creator A5046603521 @default.
- W2121921751 creator A5059810022 @default.
- W2121921751 creator A5078035590 @default.
- W2121921751 date "2015-11-01" @default.
- W2121921751 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
- W2121921751 title "The effects of N -Acetylcysteine on frontostriatal resting-state functional connectivity, withdrawal symptoms and smoking abstinence: A double-blind, placebo-controlled fMRI pilot study" @default.
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