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- W2122331036 abstract "Abstract Questions Is conifer colonization on primary successional sites limited by propagule availability or environmental filters? How do nitrogen‐fixing pioneer species ( L upinus lepidus and A lnus viridis ) affect conifer emergence and establishment? Location Mount St. Helens, W ashington State, USA . Methods We planted seeds of P seudotsuga menziesii in four habitat types – barrens, young and old L upinus patches and A lnus thickets – in a partial factorial cross with shade and soil disturbance treatments in 2002, 2003 and 2004, and monitored survival through 2006. We compared experimental results with surveys of natural establishment in 2007 and 2010. Results P seudotsuga menziesii emergence and survival were highest in barren and young L upinus sites and low in old L upinus and A lnus patches, but varied greatly among cohorts. In barrens, nearly 50% of germinated seedlings of the 2002 cohort survived year 1 and 25% through year 4, compared to 10% (year 1) and ~0% (to year 4) survival in other habitats. Survival rates were lower in subsequent cohorts. Emergence and establishment were enhanced by shade and initial soil disturbance in barren sites and young L upinus patches. Soil moisture was higher in barren and young L upinus habitats. Post‐experiment surveys indicated older trees were six times more abundant on sites with old L upinus patches and A lnus thickets, consistent with earlier colonization at those sites driven by seed availability, but total tree density increased more rapidly in sites with barren and young L upinus habitats, surpassing older sites by 2010, as predicted from experimental results. Conclusion Increased seedling survival in barren and young L upinus sites and under shade was attributable to decreased competition for soil moisture in those sites, possibly combined with apparent competition in old L upinus and A lnus sites via seed and seedling predators. Overall, high emergence and survival rates in low‐density habitats suggest that P . menziesii colonization is strongly propagule limited, and that survival of seeds that successfully arrive and germinate is more strongly affected by competition in early succession than by soil N. This conclusion is supported by evidence for decreased recruitment over time in old L upinus patches and A lnus thickets and accelerating recruitment in areas with less developed vegetation." @default.
- W2122331036 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2122331036 date "2014-01-29" @default.
- W2122331036 modified "2023-10-02" @default.
- W2122331036 title "Propagule limitation and competition with nitrogen fixers limit conifer colonization during primary succession" @default.
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- W2122331036 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12155" @default.
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