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- W2123159587 abstract "Abstract Undulating wells are one of the alternatives to horizontal wells in field developments for extremely low vertical permeability formations. Undulating wells offer higher reservoir exposure and they do not depend on vertical permeability as much as horizontal wells do. This makes undulating well trajectory sometimes more attractive than horizontal wells. Although undulating wells have been used in the field, predicting and understanding well performance is still a challenge. In the past, we have presented an analytical model that uses a segmented vertical well model with a slanted skin factor to estimate undulating well performance. The analytical model works well under certain formation and well structure conditions. In this paper, we will present a more comprehensive model for undulating well performance. The model evaluates undulating well performance in a parallelepiped reservoir based on a line source solution. The well can be located anywhere in the reservoir. The result is also compared with the previously developed analytical model to identify the conditions that the analytical model can be applied. Field examples are used in the paper to illustrate optimizing undulating well performance by the model. The Cosmopolitan Field, Cook Inlet Alaska, and the Oooguruk Field, North Slope Alaska, are planned for development with undulating horizontal wells. Both reservoirs are challenged with relatively low permeability, low kv/kh ratios and moderate viscosity oil. Undulating horizontal wells are needed to overcome these issues and deliver commercial production rates. The performance model developed in this study demonstrated the additional value of an undulating well over a conventional horizontal well, which provided a key support in well design and field development plan. Introduction Undulating wells are the wells that are not perfectly horizontal. Wells with certain degree of undulating sometimes are used instead of horizontal wells in reservoir development to overcome limitations of horizontal wells. For example, when the vertical permeability of a formation is too low for horizontal wells to be economically attractive, undulating wells reduce the dependency on vertical permeability and become the alternative to produce from low vertical permeability formations. Moreover, undulating wells increase reservoir exposure area and therefore improve well productivity. In other words, the main purpose of designing undulating wells is to increase the well productivity by minimizing the dependence on vertical permeability and/or increasing the reservoir exposure area. We can divide undulating wells into two main categories, unintentionally undulating and intentionally undulating. Usually, unintentional undulation occurs because of drilling control or formation structure. In general, the unintentional undulating wells have various inclined angles. On the other hand, the intentional undulating wells have more controllable inclination angles and wellbore trajectory because the wellbore trajectory is designed to improve well performance. Although undulating wells can increase well productivity, the advantages of undulating wells are not always guaranteed, especially for two-phase flow wells, because of the complexity of wellbore structures and formation properties. The well performance and wellbore flow should be studied carefully when designing undulating wells. In this paper, we present a model to predict undulating well performance by applying a 2D line source solution. The model can be applied for homogeneous and anisotropic formations. Then the line source solution is compared with a closed form model for undulating wells presented previously1. We will also discuss the wellbore potential and the effect of well trajectories on the well performance." @default.
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- W2123159587 date "2007-11-11" @default.
- W2123159587 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2123159587 title "Predict Undulating Well Performance" @default.
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- W2123159587 doi "https://doi.org/10.2118/109761-ms" @default.
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