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• W2127057445 abstract "Loggerhead shrikes (Lanius ludovicianus) are predatory songbirds that were once common across most of North America. A precipitous decline of loggerhead shrikes in recent years has often been associated with habitat degradation and alteration. Loggerhead shrikes are typically an open country species, and there have been no documentation or descriptions of productivity and habitat use by the species in urban environments. We monitored the productivity and characterized nesting habitat of an urban population of loggerhead shrikes in the city of Tucson, Arizona during the breeding seasons of 1997 and 1998. We documented nesting activity by 23 of 27 shrike pairs in 1997 and by 26 of 35 shrike pairs in 1998. Territory re-occupancy was high (72%) between the 2 years. Loggerhead shrikes in Tucson tended to nest earlier than reported elsewhere, with a mean estimated hatch date of April 20, and earliest hatch date of March 30. There was no difference between years in clutch size (P = 0.313) or brood size (P = 0.196). Nor was there a difference between years in fledglings per successful nest (P = 0.439), but the number of fledglings per nesting attempt was greater in 1997 than 1998 (P = 0.002). Nest success estimations using the Mayfield method indicated nest success rates of 82% in 1997 and 59% in 1998, with an average of 64%. The between year difference was probably due to nesting failures caused by several days of unseasonable heavy rain in 1998. Overall, 84% of loggerhead shrike pairs fledged young. Loggerhead shrike clutches were within, but at the lower end of, the size range reported for the species in other areas, whereas the number of fledglings produced fell midway through the range reported for the species in other studies. On average, 35% (4.5 ha) of an urban nesting shrike’s territory was occupied by residential and commercial structures. Land cover consisting of low growing exotic or native vegetation and bare ground occurred in almost equal proportions among shrike territories, but areas with creosote or lawns/ mowed grass were seldom present in shrike territories. The presence of buildings and human activities did not appear to prevent loggerhead shrikes from nesting if sufficient open areas were also present; we found active nests in school playgrounds, residential front yards, and parking lots. If loggerhead shrikes are left unmolested and sufficient open areas are maintained within the urban environment, the species may persist as part of the urban avian community." @default.
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• W2127057445 date "2004-01-01" @default.
• W2127057445 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2127057445 title "Productivity of loggerhead shrikes nesting in an urban interface" @default.
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