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- W2127646700 endingPage "409" @default.
- W2127646700 startingPage "375" @default.
- W2127646700 abstract "Second cancers are among the most serious sequelae of HL treatment because they cause substantial morbidity as well as mortality. Compared to the general population, HL survivors experience substantially increased relative risks (6- to 15-fold) of leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), sarcoma, and thyroid cancer and moderately increased risks (two- to sixfold) for a variety of other (solid) tumors, such as cancers of the lung, breast, stomach, esophagus, and cervix and melanoma. Overall, HL patients treated in the 1960s–1980s experience about 45–90 excess malignancies per 10,000 patients per year. Solid cancers account for the large majority of excess cancers. The relative risk of solid tumors rises with increasing follow-up time from 5 to 20 years after treatment and stabilizes thereafter. The absolute excess risk of solid malignancy strongly increases with time, as the background rate of cancer rises with age. Elevated risks of solid cancers are largely attributable to radiotherapy. The risks of lung, breast, and stomach cancer after HL increase with higher radiation doses and radiation volume. Consequently, risks in currently treated patients are expected to be lower. Procarbazine-containing chemotherapy also increases the risk of solid malignancy, in particular lung and stomach cancer. By contrast, chemotherapy appears to decrease the risk of radiation-associated breast cancer, through its effect on premature menopause. Smoking multiplies treatment-associated risks of lung cancer. Therefore, all HL patients should be advised to stop smoking. HL survivors should be screened for second malignancy when effective screening methods are available; breast cancer screening with mammography and MRI starting 8 years after radiotherapy is recommended." @default.
- W2127646700 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2127646700 creator A5010836517 @default.
- W2127646700 creator A5030601121 @default.
- W2127646700 date "2014-12-05" @default.
- W2127646700 modified "2023-10-09" @default.
- W2127646700 title "Second Malignancy Risk After Treatment of Hodgkin Lymphoma" @default.
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