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- W2129018103 abstract "List of AcronymsAMM ASEAN Ministerial MeetingAPEC Asia-Pacific Economic CooperationARF ASEAN Regional ForumASEAN Association of Southeast Asian NationsBIMSTEC Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and Thailand Economic CooperationBTA bilateral trade agreementCSI Container Security InitiativeEAI Enterprise for ASEAN InitiativeFDI foreign direct investmentFTA free trade agreementIDSS Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies (Singapore)]I jemaah Islamiah group (Singapore)MOFA Ministry of Foreign AffairsMOU memorandum of understandingPRC People's Republic of ChinaPSI Proliferation Security InitiativeQDR Quadrennial Defense ReviewROK Republic of KoreaSAF Singapore armed forcesSG secretary-generalTIFA Trade and Investment Framework AgreementWTO World Trade OrganizationTraditional friends and allies of the United States in East Asia acknowledge that a key determinant of security in the region has been the U.S. presence and its role as the ultimate of stability (Heisbourg 1999-2000: 15-16). During the Cold War, noncommunist Southeast Asian states viewed American military intervention, bilateral alliances, and trade and investment as not only helping to contain Soviet- or Chineseinspired communist insurgency but also as critically assisting the development of the region. In the post-Cold War period, regional uncertainties about the potential dangers attending a rising China have led some analysts to conclude that almost all Southeast Asian states now see the United States as the balancer of first resort, both in the military and politicaleconomic spheres (Khong 1996: 1).The literature, however, is relatively taciturn on the specifics of this Southeast Asia-United States-China security dynamic. It tends to assume that Chinas rise is leading to a systemic power transition scenario in which the region will have to choose between a rising challenger and the incumbent power. The de facto expectation is that these countries will want to balance against China on the basis that a rising China is threatening. Thus they will flock toward the United States as the lead balancer. Yet, as other scholars have pointed out, some key states in East Asia, including U.S. allies like South Korea and Japan, face complex pressures with regard to China's growing role in the region, and they have not chosen to balance against China (Kang 2003). Indeed, most states in the region do not perceive themselves as having the stark choices of either against or bandwagoning with this powerful neighbor.1 For Southeast Asia, there is a consensus among analysts that the subregion has adopted a twin strategy of deep engagement with China on the one hand and, on the other, soft balancing against potential Chinese aggression or disruption of the status quo. The latter strategy includes not only military acquisitions and modernization but also attempts to keep the United States involved in the region as a counterweight to Chinese power (see Khong 2004; Storey 1999-2000).This study probes the nature of the Southeast Asian regional security dynamic by investigating the regional security strategies of three key states: Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. Working from the premise that the United States is the vital security player in the region, the focus here is on how these states envisage the United States acting out its role as security guarantor vis-a-vis the China challenge. In other words, this study is primarily interested in fleshing out Southeast Asia's so-called hedging strategies against China-and particularly the role of the United States in these strategies.In the abstract, hedging refers to taking action to ensure against undesirable outcomes, usually by betting on multiple alternative positions. In our case, hedging may be defined as a set of strategies aimed at avoiding (or planning for contingencies in) a situation in which states cannot decide upon more straightforward alternatives such as balancing, bandwagoning, or neutrality. …" @default.
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- W2129018103 date "2005-04-01" @default.
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- W2129018103 title "Meeting the China Challenge: The U.S. in Southeast Asian Regional Security Strategies" @default.
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