FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2132189496> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W2132189496 endingPage "i" @default.
• W2132189496 startingPage "i" @default.
• W2132189496 abstract "Previous investigations of the linguistic capacities of apes have focused on the ape's ability to produce words, and there has been little concern for comprehension. By contrast, it is increasingly recognized that comprehension precedes production in the language development of normal human children, and it may indeed guide production. It has been demonstrated that some species can process speech sounds categorically in a manner similar to that observed in humans. Consequently, it should be possible for such species to comprehend language if they have the cognitive capacity to understand word-referent relations and syntactic structure. Popular theories of human language acquisition suggest that the ability to process syntactic information is unique to humans and reflects a novel biological adaptation not seen in other animals. The current report addresses this issue through systematic experimental comparisons of the language comprehension skills of a 2-year-old child and an 8 year-old bonobo (Pan paniscus) who was raised in a language environment similar to that in which children are raised but specifically modified to be appropriate for an ape. Both subjects (child and bonobo) were exposed to spoken English and lexigrams from infancy, and neither was trained to comprehend speech. A common caretaker participated in the rearing of both subjects. All language acquisition was through observational learning. Without prior training, subjects were asked to respond to the same 660 novel sentences. All responses were videotaped and scored for accuracy of comprehension of the English language. The results indicated that both subjects comprehended novel requests and simple syntactic devices. The bonobo decoded the syntactic device of word recursion with higher accuracy than the child; however, the child tended to do better than the bonobo on the conjunctive, a structure that places a greater burden on short-term memory. Both subjects performed as well on sentences that required the ability to reverse work order as they did on sentences that did not require this capacity. These results are discussed in light of a model of the evolution of language that suggests that the potential for language comprehension preceded the appearance of speech by several million years at minimum. The onset of speech is linked to the appearance of fully adapted bipedalism, which necessitated reorientation of the laryngeal tract and made closure of the soft palate possible. For the first time, such closure permitted mammals to easily produce sounds that could be interpreted by the mammalian auditory system in a categorical manner. When these sounds were paired with the previously extant capacity to produce vowels, it became possible to form bounded vowels or sound units that could readily be discriminated as units by the auditory system. It is suggested that this physical adaptation allowed the extant cognitive capacity of the hominids to embark on a speech-like mode of communication." @default.
• W2132189496 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2132189496 creator A5024613088 @default.
• W2132189496 creator A5032574823 @default.
• W2132189496 creator A5034754652 @default.
• W2132189496 creator A5036921861 @default.
• W2132189496 creator A5045898329 @default.
• W2132189496 creator A5074313137 @default.
• W2132189496 creator A5087136586 @default.
• W2132189496 date "1993-01-01" @default.
• W2132189496 modified "2023-10-11" @default.
• W2132189496 title "Language Comprehension in Ape and Child" @default.
• W2132189496 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/1166068" @default.
• W2132189496 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8366872" @default.
• W2132189496 hasPublicationYear "1993" @default.
• W2132189496 type Work @default.
• W2132189496 sameAs 2132189496 @default.
• W2132189496 citedByCount "436" @default.
• W2132189496 countsByYear W21321894962012 @default.
• W2132189496 countsByYear W21321894962013 @default.
• W2132189496 countsByYear W21321894962014 @default.
• W2132189496 countsByYear W21321894962015 @default.
• W2132189496 countsByYear W21321894962016 @default.
• W2132189496 countsByYear W21321894962017 @default.
• W2132189496 countsByYear W21321894962018 @default.
• W2132189496 countsByYear W21321894962019 @default.
• W2132189496 countsByYear W21321894962020 @default.
• W2132189496 countsByYear W21321894962021 @default.
• W2132189496 countsByYear W21321894962022 @default.
• W2132189496 countsByYear W21321894962023 @default.
• W2132189496 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W2132189496 hasAuthorship W2132189496A5024613088 @default.
• W2132189496 hasAuthorship W2132189496A5032574823 @default.
• W2132189496 hasAuthorship W2132189496A5034754652 @default.
• W2132189496 hasAuthorship W2132189496A5036921861 @default.
• W2132189496 hasAuthorship W2132189496A5045898329 @default.
• W2132189496 hasAuthorship W2132189496A5074313137 @default.
• W2132189496 hasAuthorship W2132189496A5087136586 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C138496976 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C138885662 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C145420912 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C15744967 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C169760540 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C169900460 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C180747234 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C18903297 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C2776230583 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C2776264592 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C2777096784 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C2777200299 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C2778073708 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C2778273743 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C41895202 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C46312422 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C511192102 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C74672266 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConcept C86803240 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C138496976 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C138885662 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C145420912 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C15744967 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C169760540 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C169900460 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C180747234 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C18903297 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C2776230583 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C2776264592 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C2777096784 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C2777200299 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C2778073708 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C2778273743 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C41895202 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C46312422 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C511192102 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C74672266 @default.
• W2132189496 hasConceptScore W2132189496C86803240 @default.
• W2132189496 hasIssue "3/4" @default.
• W2132189496 hasLocation W21321894961 @default.
• W2132189496 hasLocation W21321894962 @default.
• W2132189496 hasOpenAccess W2132189496 @default.
• W2132189496 hasPrimaryLocation W21321894961 @default.
• W2132189496 hasRelatedWork W137138865 @default.
• W2132189496 hasRelatedWork W1979941871 @default.
• W2132189496 hasRelatedWork W1999739337 @default.
• W2132189496 hasRelatedWork W2083205679 @default.
• W2132189496 hasRelatedWork W2131949791 @default.
• W2132189496 hasRelatedWork W2132189496 @default.
• W2132189496 hasRelatedWork W2404512688 @default.
• W2132189496 hasRelatedWork W2405585552 @default.
• W2132189496 hasRelatedWork W4229658460 @default.
• W2132189496 hasRelatedWork W90049346 @default.
• W2132189496 hasVolume "58" @default.
• W2132189496 isParatext "false" @default.
• W2132189496 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W2132189496 magId "2132189496" @default.
• W2132189496 workType "article" @default.