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- W2133156723 abstract "As women enter the menopause, endogenous estrogen levels fall and this state of estrogen deficiency contributes to several age-related health problems in women. Postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) is designed to take advantage of the positive health benefits of estrogen action in women, which include osteoporosis protection, reduction of cardiovascular risk, urogenital health, improved mood, and possibly, a reduction in Alzheimer’ s disease risk (1–3). Acceptance of ERT for postmenopausal women by both patients and practitioners has been limited by multiple concerns, including an increased risk of endometrial cancer for those on unopposed ERT; a possible, albeit small, increased risk of breast cancer, discontent with concomitant progestin therapy, and the undesired resumption of vaginal bleeding associated with cyclical therapy. Since the introduction of tamoxifen in 1978 and appreciation of its tissue-specific estrogenic and antiestrogenic actions (see the next section), many compounds have been designed to mimic or ablate the estrogenic signal in a tissue-specific fashion. Distinct tissue responsivity to estrogenic compounds is mediated by at least two distinct receptors, as well as, associated nuclear receptor binding proteins, binding to other receptors, and likely additional undefined factors. Because there have been many recent developments in the mechanisms of estrogen and antiestrogen action, this chapter is organized in three parts: the mechanisms of estrogen/antiestrogen action, the pharmacology and design of antiestrogens, and a description of antiestrogens in clinical use for postmenopausal women." @default.
- W2133156723 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2133156723 creator A5016148637 @default.
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- W2133156723 creator A5068254500 @default.
- W2133156723 date "1999-01-01" @default.
- W2133156723 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W2133156723 title "The Use of Antiestrogens in the Postmenopausal Woman" @default.
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