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- W2134265793 abstract "Although major progress has been made with regard to school education in India in the last two decades, access to quality education is still highly uneven. It can, hence, not be assumed a priori that school education is capability enhancing. It certainly is for some children, but for many others it remains a disempowering and dispiriting experience. Is education in India, hence, mainly a system that reproduces already existing social inequalities? It is this question that has been at the centre of our work during the last few years. In two Indian States, Andhra Pradesh in the south and West Bengal in east India, we have done extensive fieldwork to find out how social inequalities are reproduced in Indian schools, but also how that is contested in different ways. 1 We explored this theme at various levels, ranging from the educational system as a whole and the policy level, to the classroom and the textbooks. This paper cannot do justice to all these processes, mechanisms and counter currents that exist at various levels, but it will summarize some of the arguments. 2 The paper starts with a short review of two broad schools of thought regarding the social role and purpose of education: one that sees education as a tool for social domination and control, and the other that regards education as a liberating force and a correlate of social justice. After framing the debate with the help of these two alternative positions, we will proceed with three sections that discuss the Indian situation. The first focuses on the hierarchies and divisions that exist between different kinds of schools; the second analyses how teaching and learning processes themselves help to reproduce social inequalities between children within one and the same classroom; the third describes some of the anomalies and counter currents, particularly focusing on some forms of civic activism that work towards a more equitable school system. The paper concludes that both interpretations outlined at the beginning are, indeed corroborated. Schools reproduce social inequalities, but it is also possible to find examples that illustrate how education 1" @default.
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- W2134265793 date "2011-09-01" @default.
- W2134265793 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W2134265793 title "Primary Education in India: Empowerment of the Marginalized or the Reproduction of Social Inequalities?" @default.
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