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• W2134756489 abstract "Purpose/Objective(s)The merit of Monte Carlo (MC) dose calculation over others mainly resides in heterogeneous media, such as H&N cancer patients where small bone pieces and sinuses present. The possible dental fillings makes it more complex for dose calculations. MC method is also widely used to model a linac head. In a full simulation, all the linac head components are modeled which takes longer time than a partial simulation. Usually a phase-space file (PSF) is generated at a surface above the jaws representing the patient independent part of the linac head. One company created series of generic PSFs for linac. This study validates these PSFs with measured data and then uses the PSFs as the radiation source for the MC calculations for H&N patients treated by IMRT technique.Materials/MethodsFirst, the validation was done by varying jaw settings to various field sizes, using PSFs as the source and calculating the percentage depth-dose and lateral dose profiles at a few depths in water; and comparing them to measurement. Gamma analysis was performed for all comparisons. Next, two IMRT H&N patients with dental fillings were selected for the MC simulation of CT image based calculations, using the PSFs for the 6MV flattened beams as the radiation sources. The CT image artifacts from the dental fillings were replaced by tissue. To evaluate the impact of the metal on dose distributions, three sets of MC calculations were performed per patient: (1) treating implant as bone; (2) substituting implant with titanium, and (3) with gold. Mean doses in the PTV and nearby structures were compared for the three MC calculations.ResultsFor the gamma index analysis with a criterion of 2%/2mm, the minimum passing rate is 94.9% for the 6MV flattened beams. The computing time saved by using PSFs could be a factor of 5-10 compared to the full simulations. The patient calculation results (normalized to 1 at iso-center) are shown in Table I. With titanium, there is no significant difference in doses to PTV and other structures from that when treating implant as bone. With gold, the mean dose to PTV is slightly lowered by 1%; the mean dose to other structures is about the same, only for right tongue the maximum dose is increased by 5%.ConclusionPoster Viewing Abstract 3577; TableMean (max) dose to PTV and nearby structures for different implant materialsboneTi (Z = 22)Au (Z = 79)PTV1.090 (1.263)1.088 (1.258)1.080 (1.356)R tongue0.728 (0.919)0.728 (0.927)0.724 (0.978)R parotid0.149 (0.353)0.149 (0.348)0.147 (0.346)L parotid0.376 (1.134)0.376 (1.154)0.374 (1.158) Open table in a new tab Purpose/Objective(s)The merit of Monte Carlo (MC) dose calculation over others mainly resides in heterogeneous media, such as H&N cancer patients where small bone pieces and sinuses present. The possible dental fillings makes it more complex for dose calculations. MC method is also widely used to model a linac head. In a full simulation, all the linac head components are modeled which takes longer time than a partial simulation. Usually a phase-space file (PSF) is generated at a surface above the jaws representing the patient independent part of the linac head. One company created series of generic PSFs for linac. This study validates these PSFs with measured data and then uses the PSFs as the radiation source for the MC calculations for H&N patients treated by IMRT technique. The merit of Monte Carlo (MC) dose calculation over others mainly resides in heterogeneous media, such as H&N cancer patients where small bone pieces and sinuses present. The possible dental fillings makes it more complex for dose calculations. MC method is also widely used to model a linac head. In a full simulation, all the linac head components are modeled which takes longer time than a partial simulation. Usually a phase-space file (PSF) is generated at a surface above the jaws representing the patient independent part of the linac head. One company created series of generic PSFs for linac. This study validates these PSFs with measured data and then uses the PSFs as the radiation source for the MC calculations for H&N patients treated by IMRT technique. Materials/MethodsFirst, the validation was done by varying jaw settings to various field sizes, using PSFs as the source and calculating the percentage depth-dose and lateral dose profiles at a few depths in water; and comparing them to measurement. Gamma analysis was performed for all comparisons. Next, two IMRT H&N patients with dental fillings were selected for the MC simulation of CT image based calculations, using the PSFs for the 6MV flattened beams as the radiation sources. The CT image artifacts from the dental fillings were replaced by tissue. To evaluate the impact of the metal on dose distributions, three sets of MC calculations were performed per patient: (1) treating implant as bone; (2) substituting implant with titanium, and (3) with gold. Mean doses in the PTV and nearby structures were compared for the three MC calculations. First, the validation was done by varying jaw settings to various field sizes, using PSFs as the source and calculating the percentage depth-dose and lateral dose profiles at a few depths in water; and comparing them to measurement. Gamma analysis was performed for all comparisons. Next, two IMRT H&N patients with dental fillings were selected for the MC simulation of CT image based calculations, using the PSFs for the 6MV flattened beams as the radiation sources. The CT image artifacts from the dental fillings were replaced by tissue. To evaluate the impact of the metal on dose distributions, three sets of MC calculations were performed per patient: (1) treating implant as bone; (2) substituting implant with titanium, and (3) with gold. Mean doses in the PTV and nearby structures were compared for the three MC calculations. ResultsFor the gamma index analysis with a criterion of 2%/2mm, the minimum passing rate is 94.9% for the 6MV flattened beams. The computing time saved by using PSFs could be a factor of 5-10 compared to the full simulations. The patient calculation results (normalized to 1 at iso-center) are shown in Table I. With titanium, there is no significant difference in doses to PTV and other structures from that when treating implant as bone. With gold, the mean dose to PTV is slightly lowered by 1%; the mean dose to other structures is about the same, only for right tongue the maximum dose is increased by 5%. For the gamma index analysis with a criterion of 2%/2mm, the minimum passing rate is 94.9% for the 6MV flattened beams. The computing time saved by using PSFs could be a factor of 5-10 compared to the full simulations. The patient calculation results (normalized to 1 at iso-center) are shown in Table I. With titanium, there is no significant difference in doses to PTV and other structures from that when treating implant as bone. With gold, the mean dose to PTV is slightly lowered by 1%; the mean dose to other structures is about the same, only for right tongue the maximum dose is increased by 5%. ConclusionPoster Viewing Abstract 3577; TableMean (max) dose to PTV and nearby structures for different implant materialsboneTi (Z = 22)Au (Z = 79)PTV1.090 (1.263)1.088 (1.258)1.080 (1.356)R tongue0.728 (0.919)0.728 (0.927)0.724 (0.978)R parotid0.149 (0.353)0.149 (0.348)0.147 (0.346)L parotid0.376 (1.134)0.376 (1.154)0.374 (1.158) Open table in a new tab" @default.
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• W2134756489 date "2012-11-01" @default.
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• W2134756489 title "Monte Carlo Dose Calculations for IMRT Head-and-Neck Patients With Dental Fillings Using the Phase Space Files for LINAC" @default.
• W2134756489 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.2172" @default.
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