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• W2134994965 abstract "Retinoid X receptors (RXRs) are key regulators in retinoid signaling. Knowledge about the effects of 9-cis-retinoic acid (9-cis-RA), the natural ligand for the RXRs, may also provide insight in the functions of RXRs. In this study, the effect of 9-cis-RA on spermatogenesis in vitamin A-deficient (VAD) mice was examined. Administration of 9-cis-RA stimulated the differentiation and subsequent proliferation of the growth-arrested A spermatogonia in the testis of VAD mice. However, compared with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), relatively higher doses of 9-cis-RA were necessary. This could not simply be due to a lower or delayed activity of 9-cis-RA, as simultaneous administration of ATRA and 9-cis-RA did not cause a synergistic effect. Instead, the presence of 9-cis-RA diminished the effect of ATRA by approximately one third. Studies of in vivo transport and metabolism showed that ATRA and 9-cis-RA, after administration to VAD mice, penetrated the testis equally well. However, 9-cis-RA was metabolized much faster than ATRA, and other metabolites were formed. This may account for the above-described differential effects of ATRA and 9-cis-RA on spermatogenesis. Similar to ATRA, 9-cis-RA transiently induced the messenger RNA expression of the nuclear RA receptor RARβ, suggesting a role for this receptor in the effects of retinoids on the differentiation and proliferation of A spermatogonia. In contrast, the messenger RNA expression of the nuclear retinoid receptors RXRα, -β, and -γ was not changed significantly by administration of their ligand, 9-cis-RA. Hence, 9-cis-RA does not seem to exert its effect on spermatogenesis through altered expression of the RXRs." @default.
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• W2134994965 date "1998-10-01" @default.
• W2134994965 modified "2023-10-05" @default.
• W2134994965 title "The Effect of 9-cis-Retinoic Acid on Proliferation and Differentiation of A Spermatogonia and Retinoid Receptor Gene Expression in the Vitamin A-Deficient Mouse Testis**This work was supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research through GB-MW Grant 900-544-101 (to A.M.M.v.P.)." @default.
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• W2134994965 doi "https://doi.org/10.1210/endo.139.10.6272" @default.
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