Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2135014735> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W2135014735 abstract "While the apparent optical properties of sea ice vary with ice type and temperature throughout the annual cycle, they depend more fundamentally on how inclusions of brine, gas, precipitated salts, and other impurities are distributed within the ice. Since little is known about these distributions or about how they evolve with temperature, experiments were designed to collect detailed information on the microstructure of Arctic sea ice over a wide range of temperatures. An imaging system, capable of resolving inclusion sizes of less than 0.01 mm in diameter, was used to examine the microstructure of first‐year ice in a temperature‐controlled laboratory. Experiments were initially carried out at −15°C to obtain size distributions for brine inclusions and gas bubbles in cold ice. Brine inclusion dimensions were found to range from less than 0.01 mm to nearly 10 mm, with number densities averaging about 24 pockets per mm 3 . This is an order of magnitude larger than number densities previously reported. Gas bubbles in the samples were generally smaller than 0.2 mm and had number densities of approximately 1 per mm 3 , also an order of magnitude larger than previously reported. Large changes in microstructure were observed as samples were cooled to −30°C and subsequently warmed to −2°C. Observational results document the thermal evolution of the ice, as well as interactions between brine inclusions, gas bubbles, and precipitated salts. The link between the structural and optical properties of sea ice is closely tied to the total cross‐sectional area of the inclusions. We show that this quantity increases dramatically when the ice cools below −23°C or warms above −5°C, but because changes in brine inclusions offset changes in precipitated salts, it remains surprisingly constant between these temperatures." @default.
- W2135014735 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2135014735 creator A5001759961 @default.
- W2135014735 creator A5026319697 @default.
- W2135014735 creator A5051635350 @default.
- W2135014735 date "2003-02-01" @default.
- W2135014735 modified "2023-10-15" @default.
- W2135014735 title "Effects of temperature on the microstructure of first-year Arctic sea ice" @default.
- W2135014735 cites W1490688153 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W1520607111 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W1553038050 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W1964723289 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W1964895744 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W1973357849 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W1982297907 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W1986015116 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W1989123025 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W1989324665 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W1990647752 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2018247270 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2019183187 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2026992788 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2048382474 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2052983809 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2053468487 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2055798289 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2061958021 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2073448526 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2089101130 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2090002053 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2092428533 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2098586768 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2101179783 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2106553150 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2118222708 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2123001151 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2126960798 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2131764934 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2141577502 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2165623222 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W2334177303 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W4232165514 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W4243333528 @default.
- W2135014735 cites W4246180303 @default.
- W2135014735 doi "https://doi.org/10.1029/2001jc000887" @default.
- W2135014735 hasPublicationYear "2003" @default.
- W2135014735 type Work @default.
- W2135014735 sameAs 2135014735 @default.
- W2135014735 citedByCount "126" @default.
- W2135014735 countsByYear W21350147352012 @default.
- W2135014735 countsByYear W21350147352013 @default.
- W2135014735 countsByYear W21350147352014 @default.
- W2135014735 countsByYear W21350147352015 @default.
- W2135014735 countsByYear W21350147352016 @default.
- W2135014735 countsByYear W21350147352017 @default.
- W2135014735 countsByYear W21350147352018 @default.
- W2135014735 countsByYear W21350147352019 @default.
- W2135014735 countsByYear W21350147352020 @default.
- W2135014735 countsByYear W21350147352021 @default.
- W2135014735 countsByYear W21350147352022 @default.
- W2135014735 countsByYear W21350147352023 @default.
- W2135014735 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
- W2135014735 hasAuthorship W2135014735A5001759961 @default.
- W2135014735 hasAuthorship W2135014735A5026319697 @default.
- W2135014735 hasAuthorship W2135014735A5051635350 @default.
- W2135014735 hasBestOaLocation W21350147351 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConcept C111368507 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConcept C121332964 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConcept C126603772 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConcept C127313418 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConcept C136894858 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConcept C149767477 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConcept C159985019 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConcept C161798024 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConcept C192562407 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConcept C199289684 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConcept C2776957854 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConcept C49204034 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConcept C518008717 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConcept C87976508 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConcept C97355855 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConceptScore W2135014735C111368507 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConceptScore W2135014735C121332964 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConceptScore W2135014735C126603772 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConceptScore W2135014735C127313418 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConceptScore W2135014735C136894858 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConceptScore W2135014735C149767477 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConceptScore W2135014735C159985019 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConceptScore W2135014735C161798024 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConceptScore W2135014735C192562407 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConceptScore W2135014735C199289684 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConceptScore W2135014735C2776957854 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConceptScore W2135014735C49204034 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConceptScore W2135014735C518008717 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConceptScore W2135014735C87976508 @default.
- W2135014735 hasConceptScore W2135014735C97355855 @default.
- W2135014735 hasIssue "C2" @default.
- W2135014735 hasLocation W21350147351 @default.
- W2135014735 hasOpenAccess W2135014735 @default.
- W2135014735 hasPrimaryLocation W21350147351 @default.