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• W2136986380 abstract "Summary The European Union has experienced dramatic internal and external changes within the last few decades. These changes have deeply affected and changed the traditional concepts, meaning and importance of the principles of sovereignty and nationality. The discussion about the pros and cons of the exception clause to the free movement of workers principle (Art. 39.4 EC) has to been seen from a national and European point of view. Although we agree that there is no reason to transfer to the EU tasks and functions which could be better dealt with on a national basis (e.g. competence to regulate national civil services), this does not apply to the provisions of Art. 39 EC. Today, the number of civil servants moving throughout the Union is very low – a situation which is unlikely to change in the future. This implies that even if Art. 39.4 were deleted there would be no massive increase in mobility in Europe. In addition, a number of developments have taken place in the past few decade s which have rendered Art. 39.4 EC old fashioned. Today it poses artificial obstacles to the free movement principle and is more and more difficult to justify. We therefore propose that Member States should restrict its provisions to specific areas of the public sector. A. Introduction Art. 39 EC states that freedom of movement for workers shall be secured within the Community. The provisions of this Article do not apply to employment in the public service (Art. 39 4 EC) and national administrations therefore have the opportunity to restrict certain posts to nationals. This means that EU nationals can be barred from accessing certain posts in the civil services of the Member States. Art. 39 4 EC is one of the last “dinosaurs” of the Treaties, having not been changed or modified since the Treaties of Rome. Looking at the integration process over the last few decades it is striking that no politician has “touched” upon this Article in 50 years. Also, the negotiations on a future European Constitution will not modify it. In the final report of Working Group V to the Members of the Convention, the following recommendation was made: “The provisions in TEU Article 6 (3) that the Union respects the national identity of the Member States should be made more transparent by clarifying that the essential elements of the national identity include, among others, fundamental structures and essential functions of the Member States notably their political and constitutional structure, including regional and local self-government; their choices regarding languages; national citizenship; territory; legal status of churches and religious societies; national defence and the organisation of armed forces ” . 1" @default.
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• W2136986380 date "2003-01-01" @default.
• W2136986380 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2136986380 title "Who’s a National and Who’s a European? Exercising Public Power and the Legitimacy of Art. 39 4 EC in the 21st Century" @default.
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