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• W2138885237 abstract "<b>Objective: </b> To examine whether the presence of motor signs has predictive value for important outcomes in Alzheimer disease (AD). <b>Methods: </b> A total of 533 patients with AD at early stages (mean Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] 21/30 at entry) were recruited and followed semiannually for up to 13.1 years (mean 3) in five University-based AD centers in the United States and European Union. Four outcomes, assessed every 6 months, were used in Cox models: cognitive endpoint (Columbia Mini-Mental State Examination ≤ 20/57 [∼MMSE ≤ 10/30]), functional endpoint (Blessed Dementia Rating Scale ≥ 10), institutionalization equivalent index, and death. Using a standardized portion of the Unified PD Rating Scale (administered every 6 months for a total of 3,149 visit-assessments, average 5.9 per patient), the presence of motor signs, as well as of individual motor sign domains, was examined as time-dependent predictor. The models controlled for cohort, recruitment center, sex, age, education, a comorbidity index, and baseline cognitive and functional performance. <b>Results: </b> A total of 39% of the patients reached the cognitive, 41% the functional, 54% the institutionalization, and 47% the mortality endpoint. Motor signs were noted for 14% of patients at baseline and for 45% at any evaluation. Their presence was associated with increased risk for cognitive decline (RR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.24 to 2.38), functional decline (1.80 [1.33 to 2.45]), institutionalization (1.68 [1.26 to 2.25]), and death (1.38 [1.05 to 1.82]). Tremor was associated with increased risk for reaching the cognitive and bradykinesia for reaching the functional endpoints. Postural-gait abnormalities carried increased risk for institutionalization and mortality. Faster rates of motor sign accumulation were associated with increased risk for all outcomes. <b>Conclusions: </b> Motor signs predict cognitive and functional decline, institutionalization, and mortality in Alzheimer disease. Different motor sign domains predict different outcomes." @default.
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• W2138885237 date "2005-05-23" @default.
• W2138885237 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W2138885237 title "Motor signs predict poor outcomes in Alzheimer disease" @default.
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• W2138885237 doi "https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000162054.15428.e9" @default.
• W2138885237 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3028937" @default.
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