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- W2141089356 abstract "Tuberculosis, a bacterial disease prevalent since ancient times, continues to cause the most deaths globally compared with all other diseases. The causative agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis is responsible for different types of tuberculosis in humans; however, pulmonary tuberculosis is the most common and causes the most deaths. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an intracellular pathogenic bacterium, which has developed sophisticated mechanisms to survive inside host mononuclear phagocytes and thus evade the host immune system. This is attributed primarily to an inadequate immune response toward infecting bacteria, which results in temporary growth inhibition rather than death and subsequently allows the bacteria to multiply immensely, leading to full-blown disease in an individual. This disease has become a challenge due to poor diagnosis, a low-efficiency tuberculosis vaccine (Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guerin [BCG]), a long-term antibacterial chemotherapy regimen (approximately 6 months), and an emergence of multiple drug resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis especially in people with human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection, for whom researchers worldwide must develop effective short-term chemotherapy and an effective vaccine. In this review different aspects of vaccines in tuberculosis are discussed, and these include the traditional BCG vaccine, the modern auxotrophic vaccine, the subunit or acellular vaccine; and a DNA vaccine. We discuss also the potential of mycobacterial lipids as a vaccine or as an adjuvant in the future. Since complete genome information of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and bioinformatics tools are available, it is possible to develop new strategies for a better and effective tuberculosis vaccine, which can replace the traditional BCG vaccine." @default.
- W2141089356 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2141089356 date "2003-01-01" @default.
- W2141089356 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W2141089356 title "How Far Have We Reached in Tuberculosis Vaccine Development?" @default.
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- W2141089356 doi "https://doi.org/10.1080/713608013" @default.
- W2141089356 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14636041" @default.
- W2141089356 hasPublicationYear "2003" @default.
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