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- W2142731321 abstract "The dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) occurring after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is mediated by intracerebral neutrophil accumulation, chemokine release (e.g., interleukin (IL)-8) and upregulation of adhesion molecules (e.g., intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1). In patients with severe TBI, we previously found that elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) IL-8 and soluble (s)ICAM-1 correlate with BBB dysfunction, and this prompted us to concomitantly monitor IL-8, sICAM-1 and their stimulator tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in CSF. Potential mechanisms for upregulation of the IL-8 analogue, murine macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, and sICAM-1 at the BBB were studied using cultured mouse astrocytes and brain microvascular endothelial cells (MVEC). In CSF of seven patients, IL-8 and sICAM-1 were elevated for 19 days after severe TBI, whereas TNF-α exceeded normal values on 9 days. Stimulation of MVEC and astrocytes with TNF-α simultaneously induced the release of MIP-2 reaching saturation by 4–8 hr and of sICAM-1 increasing continuously from 2–4 hr to 12 hr. Augmented sICAM-1 production correlated with enhanced membrane-bound (m)ICAM-1 expression in both cell types (rs = 0.96 and 0.90, P < 0.0001), but was markedly higher in astrocytes. The release of sICAM-1 was not influenced by IL-8 or MIP-2, although astrocytes and MVEC expressed the IL-8/MIP-2 receptor (CXCR-2) as determined by FACS analysis. Instead, we found that sICAM-1 strongly induced MIP-2 secretion by both cell types with kinetics differing from those evoked by TNF-α. If added together, sICAM-1 and TNF-α synergistically induced MIP-2 production suggesting the involvement of two different pathways for MIP-2 regulation. J. Neurosci. Res. 60:733–742, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc." @default.
- W2142731321 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2142731321 date "2000-01-01" @default.
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- W2142731321 title "sICAM-1 and TNF-? induce MIP-2 with distinct kinetics in astrocytes and brain microvascular endothelial cells" @default.
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- W2142731321 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4547(20000615)60:6<733::aid-jnr5>3.0.co;2-x" @default.
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