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- W2143142600 abstract "ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with immune activation, CD4 + -T-cell loss, and a progressive decline of immune functions. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) only partially reverses HIV-associated immune dysfunction, suggesting that approaches that target immune activation and improve virus-specific immune responses may be needed. We performed a preclinical study in rhesus macaques infected with the pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus SIV mac251 and treated with ART. We tested whether vaccination administered together with cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) blockade and treatment with the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor 1-methyl- d -tryptophan ( d -1mT), decreased immune activation and improved vaccine efficacy. The treatment did not augment vaccine immunogenicity; rather, it dramatically increased ART-related toxicity, causing all treated animals to succumb to acute pancreatitis and hyperglycemic coma. The onset of fulminant diabetes was associated with severe lymphocyte infiltration of the pancreas and complete loss of the islets of Langerhans. Thus, caution should be used when considering approaches aimed at targeting immune activation during ART." @default.
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- W2143142600 date "2012-01-01" @default.
- W2143142600 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W2143142600 title "Fatal Pancreatitis in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIV <sub>mac251</sub> -Infected Macaques Treated with 2′,3′-Dideoxyinosine and Stavudine following Cytotoxic-T-Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen 4 and Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Blockade" @default.
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- W2143142600 doi "https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.05609-11" @default.
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