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• W2145773375 abstract "The permanent replacement of hard tissues in load bearing applications demands mechanically strong biocompatible materials. The attainment of the envisaged mechanical performance depends on technological ability to mimic the bone’s anisotropic character. This can be achieved with polymer based composites, as they combine adequate stiffness and strength with a viscoelastic character. Bonfield et al. (1) introduced the bone-analogue concept, when composites comprising a polymer ductile matrix (polyethylene—PE) and a ceramic stiff phase (hydroxyapatite—HA) were proposed. The idea is based on a semicrystalline material that can develop a considerable anisotropic character by means of adequate orientation techniques. This semicrystalline material is also reinforced with a bonelike ceramic that simultaneously ensures the mechanical reinforcement and the bioactive character of the implant (2). The use of hydrostatic extrusion to process PE/HA composites has been shown to be a successful route for the production of composites with bone-like mechanical performance (3, 4). An alternative approach to the mechanical performance enhancement of HDPE/HA composites was followed by Reis et al. (5) with the use of shear controlled orientation in injection molding (SCORIM). In SCORIM processing, the molten material is forced between two piston chambers after the filling of the mold, while the solidification progresses from the mold wall to the core, causing a controlled macroscopic shear field at the moving melt/solid interface. The solidification of the aligned polymer molecules, as imposed by the shear field, results in the mechanical property enhancement desired for the intended biomedical field of application. In spite of the ability of SCORIM in controlling, to a certain extent, the structure development of the HDPE matrix and inducing, as a result of that, a clear anisotropic mechanical behavior into the molded part, the performance of the HDPE/HA composites is still below the envisaged goal. This lack of performance is mostly attributable to the HA particles, that are efficient from a bioactive point of view, but inefficient as a mechanical reinforcement of the polymer matrix. The poor ability of HA powders in extending the stiffness of the composites results from their particulate nature (low aspect ratio). Additionally, their poor chemical/physical interaction with the HDPE phase, which limits the load transfer in the composite and restricts the final mechanical behavior limits the stiffness extension. The selective reinforcement of the implant core with very stiff fillers like carbon or aramid fibers and limiting the use of bioactive filler particles to the surface, Reinforcement and Structure Development in Injection Molding of Bone-Analogue Composites" @default.
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• W2145773375 date "2002-01-01" @default.
• W2145773375 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2145773375 title "Reinforcement and Structure Development in Injection Molding of Bone-Analogue Composites" @default.
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