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• W2147467917 abstract "Among primates, nocturnal species exhibit relatively larger orbital apertures than diurnal species. Most researchers have considered this disparity in orbital aperture size to reflect differences in eye size, with nocturnal primates having relatively large eyes in order to maximize visual sensitivity. Presumed changes in eye size due to shifts in activity pattern are an integral part of theoretical explanations for many derived features of anthropoids, including highly convergent orbits and a postorbital septum. Here I show that despite clear differences in relative orbital aperture size, many diurnal and nocturnal primates do not differ in relative eye size. Among nocturnal primates, relative eye size is influenced by diet. Nocturnal visual predators (e.g., Tarsius, Loris, and Galago moholi) tend to have larger relative eye sizes than diurnal primates. By contrast, nocturnal frugivores (e.g., Perodicticus, Nycticebus, and Cheirogaleus) have relative eye sizes that are comparable to those of diurnal primates. Although some variation in orbital aperture size can be attributed to variation in eye size, both cornea size and orbit orientation also exert a strong influence on orbital aperture size. These findings argue for caution in the use of relative orbital aperture size as an indicator of activity pattern in fossil primates. These findings further suggest that existing scenarios for the evolution of unique orbital morphologies in anthropoids must be modified to reflect the importance of ecological variables other than activity pattern." @default.
• W2147467917 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2147467917 creator A5003957093 @default.
• W2147467917 date "2006-08-01" @default.
• W2147467917 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
• W2147467917 title "Effects of activity pattern on eye size and orbital aperture size in primates" @default.
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• W2147467917 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2006.02.004" @default.
• W2147467917 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16620912" @default.
• W2147467917 hasPublicationYear "2006" @default.
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