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- W2149183909 abstract "Abstract Many pathogens can establish a lethal infection from relatively small inocula, yet the effect of infectious dose upon CD4 T cell activation is not clearly understood. This issue was examined by tracking Salmonella flagellin-specific SM1 T cells in vivo, after i.v. and oral challenge of mice with virulent Salmonella typhimurium. SM1 T cells rapidly expressed activation markers and expanded in response to high-dose infection but remained completely unresponsive in mice challenged with low doses of Salmonella. SM1 T cells, in these mice, remained unresponsive, despite massive bacterial replication in vivo. Naive SM1 T cells in low-dose Salmonella-infected mice were activated rapidly after the injection of flagellin peptide, demonstrating that these T cells were fully capable of responding, ruling out the possibility of a bacterial-induced suppressive environment. The inability of flagellin-specific SM1 T cells to respond to low-dose infection was not due to Ag down-regulation, because flagellin expression was detected using a functional assay. Together, these data suggest that low-dose Salmonella infection can evade flagellin-specific CD4 T cell activation in vivo." @default.
- W2149183909 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2149183909 creator A5081608169 @default.
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- W2149183909 date "2004-09-15" @default.
- W2149183909 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2149183909 title "Low-Dose<i>Salmonella</i>Infection Evades Activation of Flagellin-Specific CD4 T Cells" @default.
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- W2149183909 doi "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.173.6.4091" @default.
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