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• W2149518745 abstract "Vertebrate alpha (α)- and beta (β)-globin gene families exemplify the way in which genomes evolve to produce functional complexity. From tandem duplication of a single globin locus, the α- and β-globin clusters expanded, and then were separated onto different chromosomes. The previous finding of a fossil β-globin gene (ω) in the marsupial α-cluster, however, suggested that duplication of the α-β cluster onto two chromosomes, followed by lineage-specific gene loss and duplication, produced paralogous α- and β-globin clusters in birds and mammals. Here we analyse genomic data from an egg-laying monotreme mammal, the platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus), to explore haemoglobin evolution at the stem of the mammalian radiation. The platypus α-globin cluster (chromosome 21) contains embryonic and adult α- globin genes, a β-like ω-globin gene, and the GBY globin gene with homology to cytoglobin, arranged as 5'-ζ-ζ'-αD-α3-α2-α1-ω-GBY-3'. The platypus β-globin cluster (chromosome 2) contains single embryonic and adult globin genes arranged as 5'-ε-β-3'. Surprisingly, all of these globin genes were expressed in some adult tissues. Comparison of flanking sequences revealed that all jawed vertebrate α-globin clusters are flanked by MPG-C16orf35 and LUC7L, whereas all bird and mammal β-globin clusters are embedded in olfactory genes. Thus, the mammalian α- and β-globin clusters are orthologous to the bird α- and β-globin clusters respectively. We propose that α- and β-globin clusters evolved from an ancient MPG-C16orf35-α-β-GBY-LUC7L arrangement 410 million years ago. A copy of the original β (represented by ω in marsupials and monotremes) was inserted into an array of olfactory genes before the amniote radiation (>315 million years ago), then duplicated and diverged to form orthologous clusters of β-globin genes with different expression profiles in different lineages." @default.
• W2149518745 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2149518745 creator A5003786277 @default.
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• W2149518745 date "2008-07-25" @default.
• W2149518745 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2149518745 title "Platypus globin genes and flanking loci suggest a new insertional model for beta-globin evolution in birds and mammals" @default.
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• W2149518745 doi "https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7007-6-34" @default.
• W2149518745 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2529266" @default.
• W2149518745 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18657265" @default.
• W2149518745 hasPublicationYear "2008" @default.
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