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- W2150304110 abstract "Life-table studies of Trichogramma brevicapillum Pinto & Platner and Trichogramma pretiosum Riley were conducted at various fluctuating temperatures (means ± 5°), from 15 to 35°. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) was higher for T. brevicapillum than that for T. pretiosum at 30 and 35°, and was higher for T. pretiosum between 15 and 25°, due to differences between the 2 spp. in development, longevity, fecundity, sex ratio, and number of progeny per host egg. T. brevicapillum had a higher fecundity than T. pretiosum, but its development was slower (ca. 10%), and was retarded facultatively at temperatures of 20° and below, probably due to diapause. Ovipositional behavior of T. brevicapillum and T. pretiosum was similar, but differed in the duration of the different ovipostional activities. Superparasitization occurred by both species when the host egg supply was limited and exposed to more than 1 female simultaneously. T. pretiosum laid more eggs per host egg than T. brevicapillum at various parasite densities. When eggs were exposed to both species simultaneously, oviposition was intermediate between the number of eggs laid by each species separately. From such eggs, 24 and 76% of the emerged progeny was T. brevicapillum and T. pretiosum, respectively, and these percentages were independent of parasite density. The results may explain the distribution of T. brevicapillum and T. pretiosum in California, and may assess their fitness for mass-release and establishment attempts. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Vergleichsversuche über Lebenstafeln, Verhalten und Konkurrenz von Trichogramma brevicapillum und T. pretiosum Bei verschiedenen wechselnden Temperaturen (Mittelwerte 15 bis 35°) wurden Lebenstafel-Untersuchungen an Trichogramma brevicapillum Pinto & Platner und T. pretiosum Riley durchgeführt. Die Vermehrungsrate war im Bereich zwischen 30 und 35° bei T. brevicapillum höher als bei T. pretiosum, zwischen 15 und 25° dagegen höher für T. pretiosum. Dies beruht auf Unterschieden in der Entwicklungsdauer, der Lebensdauer, der Fekundität, des Geschlechtsverhältnisses und der Zahl Nachkommen pro Wirtsei. T. brevicapillum hatte eine höhere Fekundität, doch war die Entwicklung langsamer (etwa 10%). Bei Temperaturen von 20° und darunter war sie verzögert (wahrscheinlich wegen Diapause). Das Parasitierungsverhalten von T. brevicapillum und T. pretiosum war ähnlich, doch dauerten die verschiedenen Parasitierungsaktivitäten verschieden lange. Superparasitismus kam bei beiden Arten vor, wenn das Angebot an Wirtseiern beschränkt war. T. pretiosum legte pro Wirtsei mehr Eier als T. brevicapillum und zwar bei verschiedener Dichte der Parasiten. Wenn Wirtseier gleichzeitig Weibchen beider Arten ausgesetzt wurden, war die Eizahl der Parasiten intermediär. Von den aus solchen Eiern schlüpfenden Nachkommen waren 24% T. brevicapillum und 76% T. pretiosum; diese Anteile waren unabhängig von der Parasitendichte. Die Resultate werden verwendet, um die Verteilung von T. brevicapillum und T. pretiosum in Kalifornien zu erklären und um die Eignung der beiden Arten für Massenfreilassung und für die Einführung in neue Gebiete zu beurteilen." @default.
- W2150304110 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2150304110 date "1982-07-01" @default.
- W2150304110 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2150304110 title "COMPARATIVE LIFE TABLE, BEHAVIOR AND COMPETITION STUDIES OF TRICHOGRAMMA BREVICAPILLUM AND T. PRETIOSUM" @default.
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- W2150304110 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1982.tb03183.x" @default.
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