FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2150328730> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W2150328730 abstract "The European corn borer (ECB) is a serious pest of corn causing significant yield losses in the Principal Investigator: Midwest. In continuous work on innovative control of the ECB via an entomopathogenic fungus, this project Leslie C. Lewis evaluated alternative carriers for delivery of Beauvaria bassiana without increasing indigenous mycotoxEntomology ins. Iowa State University Budget: $13,889 for year one $13,889 for year two Background The European corn borer (ECB) was first discovered in the United States in 1917 and in Iowa in 1942. Losses incurred from corn borer are estimated to rank second annually to the corn rootworm complex in Iowa. Estimated yield losses from ECB can range from $20 to $50 per acre in the Midwest. The corn borer has varying numbers of genera­ tions per growing season with range depend­ ing on day length, temperature, and genetic composition of the population. Iowa usually sees two generations of corn borers, with the first generation causing the characteristic “shot­ hole” damage on the whorl tissue. Beauveria bassiana, an entomopathogenic fun­ gus, occurs naturally in soil and plant residue and colonizes corn plant tissue. The term “endophyte” is used to describe a relationship between a fungus and a plant in which both organisms benefit from the relationship. B. bassiana is a unique fungus in that it is not only an effective pathogen of a wide variety of insect pests, but also able to form an endo­ phytic relationship with a wide variety of plants, the most economically important of which is corn. Because of its endophytic relationship, B. bassiana has been used experimentally as a plant protectant. The corn plant experi­ ences reduced insect attack and B. bassiana is able to propagate well in the moist, humid environment inside the corn plant. B. bassiana, applied in granular formulation during the whorl-stage of corn development, provides season-long control of corn borer populations. In addition, several liquid formu­ lations of B. bassiana are being experimen­ tally evaluated for their effectiveness in pro­ tecting corn plants from corn borer. Further advances in strain identification, production, and formulation will increase the effective­ ness of B. bassiana as a crop protectant and will give growers an alternative to synthetic insecticides for insect pest control. The objectives of these studies were to evalu­ ate alternative carriers for delivery of B. bassiana to whorl-stage corn for season-long suppression of the ECB, without increasing the amount of indigenous mycotoxins. Approach and methods In 1998 and 1999, the investigators conducted on-farm research with cooperators from the Practical Farmers of Iowa and an additional private farmer. Treatments consisted of five different B. bassiana carriers applied at a rate of 10 lb/acre and an untreated control. In an earlier study, the B. bassiana was formu­ lated on a corn kernel-based carrier. The EnviLeopold Center Progress Reports Volume 10 (2001) For more information contact Leslie Lewis, Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; (515) 294-8614, e-mail leslewis@iastate.edu ronmental Protection Agency raised concerns that the use of this carrier might lead to el­ evated levels of mycotoxin from Aspergillus spp., which could be present in the carrier. To address this concern, four alternative carriers were evaluated to determine their efficacy in controlling ECB and their propensity to in­ crease levels of aflatoxin in grain. Carriers tested were the corn kernel based carrier, corn cob grit, clay, and the substrate used to grow the fungus ground to a 14/20 or 20/40 mesh. Granules were applied with an over-the-row applicator, with four to six repli­ cations per location. Entomological data on the efficacy of larval control from each treatment were collected at plant maturity by splitting 20 plants from tassel to base and determining the amount of corn borer larval feeding. The number and length of larval tunneling, number of larvae infected with B. bassiana, and the number of plants with no evidence of corn borer feeding were determined. At maturity, each plot was harvested and a weigh wagon was used to determine yields. Corn from each plot also was sampled for aflatoxin testing. Results and discussion Because of the wet spring in 1998, the inves­ tigators were unable to apply the B. bassiana at the most efficacious growth stage. Applica­ tion at the Bruck farm occurred at the proper time, but subsequent flooding of the field resulted in reduced stands and complete herbi­ cide failure. Applications at the other three locations were made past the proper growth stage, which reduced the effectiveness of the treatment. Time constraints in the fall did not allow collection of data from the Alert farm. In 1999, granules were applied at all locations at the proper growth stage and entomological and yield data also were obtained from all locations. Findings showed that there were alternatives to the corn kernel-based carrier that provide the same level of corn borer control without the worry of inadvertently elevating the afla­ toxin levels. The amount of corn borer pres­ sure was very light in 1998, and there were no consistent differences in reduction of corn borer feeding or significantly increased in yield compared with 1997 preliminary findings by the project investigators. Significant differ­ ences in corn borer feeding were observed only at locations with the highest levels of infestation during both years of the study. There were significant differences in 1998 yields at Cumming, Iowa, but no correspond­ ing differences in insect injury. The fact that two completely different sce­ narios played out emphasizes that insect injury is only one part of the yield equation. Injury from insects has to be quite severe before insect control measures result in a correspond­ ing increase in yield. Losses can still average up to 6 percent even if a chemical insecticide treatment is used. Results of testing showed the aflatoxin levels on all of the treatments at each location during both years were below the detectable level of 20 ppb, with the exception of one plot at Cumming where levels reached 55 ppb in 1999. (It is not uncommon to find a sample within a field with slightly elevated aflatoxin levels.) Therefore, based on these results and 1997 data in which there were no detectable levels of aflatoxin in preliminary work, all of the alternative carriers are suitable substitutes for the corn kernel-based carrier." @default.
• W2150328730 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2150328730 creator A5058261757 @default.
• W2150328730 date "2001-01-01" @default.
• W2150328730 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2150328730 title "Development of alternative carriers for use of Beauveria Bassiana in Ostrinia nubilalis suppression on corn" @default.
• W2150328730 hasPublicationYear "2001" @default.
• W2150328730 type Work @default.
• W2150328730 sameAs 2150328730 @default.
• W2150328730 citedByCount "1" @default.
• W2150328730 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W2150328730 hasAuthorship W2150328730A5058261757 @default.
• W2150328730 hasConcept C104727253 @default.
• W2150328730 hasConcept C173758957 @default.
• W2150328730 hasConcept C2776776645 @default.
• W2150328730 hasConcept C2777716713 @default.
• W2150328730 hasConcept C2781138550 @default.
• W2150328730 hasConcept C2781391353 @default.
• W2150328730 hasConcept C59822182 @default.
• W2150328730 hasConcept C6557445 @default.
• W2150328730 hasConcept C86803240 @default.
• W2150328730 hasConceptScore W2150328730C104727253 @default.
• W2150328730 hasConceptScore W2150328730C173758957 @default.
• W2150328730 hasConceptScore W2150328730C2776776645 @default.
• W2150328730 hasConceptScore W2150328730C2777716713 @default.
• W2150328730 hasConceptScore W2150328730C2781138550 @default.
• W2150328730 hasConceptScore W2150328730C2781391353 @default.
• W2150328730 hasConceptScore W2150328730C59822182 @default.
• W2150328730 hasConceptScore W2150328730C6557445 @default.
• W2150328730 hasConceptScore W2150328730C86803240 @default.
• W2150328730 hasLocation W21503287301 @default.
• W2150328730 hasOpenAccess W2150328730 @default.
• W2150328730 hasPrimaryLocation W21503287301 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W1426473839 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W1452997855 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W1965531675 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W2021498729 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W2067725711 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W2173286518 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W2176466349 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W2320336692 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W2325813270 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W2369511818 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W2761197058 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W2761417428 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W2941062936 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W2989151262 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W3193005690 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W323002076 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W774806942 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W189211391 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W210410242 @default.
• W2150328730 hasRelatedWork W2281204505 @default.
• W2150328730 isParatext "false" @default.
• W2150328730 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W2150328730 magId "2150328730" @default.
• W2150328730 workType "article" @default.