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• W215236280 abstract "By the time Catherine II became empress of Russia in 1762, Anglomania had touched most of Europe and would gather momentum in the decades that followed. In 1758, toward the end of Empress Elizabeth's reign, an operatic version of Carlo Goldoni's play La Ritornata di Londra, in which the vogue for English fashions was ridiculed, was played in St. Petersburg to restricted but appreciative audience, who was yet unable to enjoy the delights or resist the seductions of blessed Albion at first hand.1 The opportunity for the Russian aristocracy and gentry to travel abroad without hindrance was one of the provisions of the major decree issued during the short reign of Catherine's husband, Peter III. Thus, during the 1770s and 1780s in particular, many Russians embarked on their version of the Grand Tour, which included visits to London and sometimes even the more remote regions of Britain. On two occasions Princess Ekaterina Romanovna Dashkova was among those Russians who made the journey to England. Anglomania indicates an excessive attachment to all things English, mainly the more trivial and superficial, while Anglophilia suggests more reasoned, discriminating attitude toward England with particular regard to its cultural heritage and social and political institutions. Dashkova would have undoubtedly placed herself in the latter category, the passion and outspokenness of her pronouncements about England throughout her adult life notwithstanding. As early as 1763, still only twenty years of age and already losing favor with Empress Catherine, whom she believed she had been largely responsible for putting on the throne, Dashkova was reported by the British ambassador as saying: Why was I not born an Englishwoman? I adore the freedom and spirit of that nation.2 Twenty years later, long after her visits to Britain, while living on her estate atTroitskoe (near Moscow), Dashkova was described by her young Irish companion Martha Wilmot as a red Hot English Woman.3 A member of the immensely powerful Vorontsov clan, Dashkova rivaled her two brothers, Aleksandr and Semion-who both served as Russian ambassadors in London-in their firsthand knowledge of and sympathy for England. Almost certainly, she excelled them in her ability to speak the language, although they all preferred to express themselves and their admiration for England in French.4 In 1776 it was suggested: Tho she does not speak English well, she understands it perfectly & converses without much embarrassment to herself in that Language.5 Toward the end of her life fellow of an Oxford college, who had met Dashkova in Russia, said she spoke admirable English.6 A decisive moment in Dashkova s engagement with Britain came at Spa in Belgium, where she and her two young children, Anastasiia (b. 1760) and Pavel (b. 1763), had arrived in the summer of 1770 during their European travels. Diplomats apart, the princess had met few Britons during the first years of Catherine's reign, but at Spa she made important and long-lasting friendships, notably with two Irish ladies, Catherine Hamilton, the widowed daughter of the bishop ofTuam, and Elizabeth Morgan, daughter of the Irish attorney general. Crucial also was the meeting with John HinchclifFe, who, before becoming bishop of Peterborough, had been headmaster of the Westminster School, place he recommended as very suitable to educate young Pavel. By October 1770, the Dashkovs were settled in London. Pavel did not enroll at Westminster but was left in the care of the Russian ambassador, Aleksei Semenovich Musin-Pushkin, and his wife, when his mother and sister departed on tour that took them in the space of fortnight to Bath via Portsmouth and Salisbury and on the return journey to Oxford and Windsor. It was route that countless other tourists had followed, but as yet few Russians. Dashkova would be the first of them to publish an account of her travels: Puteshestvie odnoi Rossiiskoi znattwi Gospozlii po nckotorym Aglinskim provintsiiatn [The Journey of Russian Noblewoman through Certain Provinces of England] is thus landmark, albeit modest one, in the history of Russian letters. …" @default.
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• W215236280 date "2006-01-01" @default.
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• W215236280 title "A red hot english woman : Princess Dashkova's love affair with Britain" @default.
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