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• W2153730674 abstract "Unconstitutional changes of government has been a major problem in Africa since decolonization with military coups being a more common way of changing government than democratic elections. The African Union (AU) was established in 2001 and has since then provided a significant development of the African law, not the least in the branch of law covering the AU response to unconstitutional changes of government (UCG). The AU predecessor Organization of African Unity (OAU) had the general policy that unconstitutional changes of government were to be considered a national concern. Consequently the OAU did not have any provisions allowing measures to be taken against them. Since the establishment of the AU the organization has developed an extensive legal framework for response to unconstitutional changes of government, which is a very important development towards giving the rule of law and the compliance with international law a greater impact in Africa. This includes first and foremost a definition of what an unconstitutional change of government is according to the AU. Secondly the provisions governing the measures to be used against the unconstitutional changes of government are an important part in this framework. The third part of the AU response to unconstitutional changes of government is the decision making structure and the division of legislating, implementing and executive power between the Union organs. The furthest reaching measures in the AU framework for such responses are targeted sanctions. The policy of adopting targeted sanctions are the last step in a process starting with condemnation of the unconstitutional change of government, suspension from the meetings of the union and mediation/negotiation efforts to get the coup makers to restore constitutional order. Sanctions as the most interfering and legally controversial measure of these has a special focus in this thesis which aims at taking stock of the development of international law that has taken place within the African Union. Another research question is what shortcomings the AU law has in the respect of being a successful framework for rule of law and compliance with international law. The African Union is a very important actor for promoting democracy on the African continent and the existing regime for imposing sanctions against those breaking the democratic principles holds a lot of hope for the future. At the same time both the design of this regime and the implementation of it have defects. Theses are for instance a too narrow definition of an unconstitutional change of government leaving out type two unconstitutional changes of government from the main framework of response and that the provisions for imposing sanctions, especially on type two UCGs, not are forcing but allows the political will to decide whether or not sanctions should be implemented or not. The organizational structure of the AU also has its defects causing a low efficiency in the work towards increased democracy and stability on the continent. This is to a large extent due to a lack of implementation and monitoring mechanism, such as an efficient union court. Positive legal development can though be seen, for example the AU in February 2010 decided not to allow coup makers to stand in elections to restore constitutional order anymore. Given the modest starting point of the union, what it has achieved in ten years is very impressive and promising for a future Africa more in harmony with international law." @default.
• W2153730674 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2153730674 date "2010-01-01" @default.
• W2153730674 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2153730674 title "Dealing with unconstitutional changes of government - The African Union Way" @default.
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