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• W2155653612 endingPage "20052" @default.
• W2155653612 startingPage "20052" @default.
• W2155653612 abstract "Introduction Absolute CD4 T cell count and plasma viral load have been established as predictors of HIV disease progression, and CD4 T cell count is used as an indicator for initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Following long-term therapy, patients generally present with significant CD4 T cell recovery contrasting with persistently elevated CD8 T cell counts, which leads to a partial restoration of CD4:CD8 ratio. This review focuses on the relevance of the CD4:CD8 ratio on clinical outcomes, immune dysfunction and HIV reservoir size in long-term treated patients. Method We conducted a comprehensive literature review of publications in English language using major electronic databases. Our search was focused on factors contributing to CD4:CD8 T cell ratio and clinical outcome in adult HIV-positive patients in the context of treated infection. Discussion Low CD4:CD8 ratio has been linked to ageing and acts as a predictor of mortality in the general population. This ratio may represent the combined effects of inflammation and immunological changes called “inflammaging.” Although the mechanisms underlying partial correction of the CD4:CD8 ratio and persistently elevated CD8 T cell count in long-term treated patients remain poorly understood, it has been recently indicated that patients with optimal CD4 T cell recovery and low CD4:CD8 ratio still harbour increased immune activation, an immune senescent phenotype and have a higher risk of non-AIDS morbidity and mortality. This review reconsiders CD4:CD8 ratio in the light of advances in the understanding of immune dysfunction and examines its pathophysiological features and implications on clinical outcome and HIV reservoir size in long-term treated HIV-positive adults. Conclusion The CD4:CD8 ratio can contribute to the immunological evaluation of treated patients in a long-term follow-up and may be applied for monitoring both immune dysfunction and viral reservoir size in immune-based clinical trials." @default.
• W2155653612 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2155653612 creator A5007909021 @default.
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• W2155653612 date "2015-01-01" @default.
• W2155653612 modified "2023-10-15" @default.
• W2155653612 title "CD4:CD8 ratio as a frontier marker for clinical outcome, immune dysfunction and viral reservoir size in virologically suppressed HIV-positive patients" @default.
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• W2155653612 doi "https://doi.org/10.7448/ias.18.1.20052" @default.
• W2155653612 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4486418" @default.
• W2155653612 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26130226" @default.
• W2155653612 hasPublicationYear "2015" @default.
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