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- W2156208459 abstract "Under physiologic conditions, the bladder epithelium (urothelium) is bathed on the urine side (mucosal solution) by a solution that has a variable composition but typically is high in potassium, low in sodium, and has a urea concentration that varies between 100 mmol/L to 500 mmol/L. In contrast, the interstitial side (serosal solution) is bathed in a solution whose composition is similar to that of blood. Previous studies have determined the effect of short-term exposure of the urothelium to serosal urea. It was demonstrated that short-term exposure (<10 minutes) of the serosal side of the urothelium to urea (200 mmol/L or 500 mmol/L) resulted in an increase in the apical (urine facing) membrane ion permeability. On removal of the urea the apical membrane, conductance decreased to control values; thus, the urea effect is reversible. Of interest is that the increase in apical membrane permeability by serosal urea can be completely blocked by the simultaneous presence of mucosal urea. The present study investigates the long-term effects of both mucosal and serosal urea on the mammalian urothelium using electrophysiologic techniques. Addition of urea to the serosal solution (after a short delay) resulted in an exponential increase in the transepithelial conductance followed by a plateau phase and ending in a rapid and irreversible increase in conductance. The exponential increase in transepithelial conductance was due to an increase in cell membrane conductance, whereas the irreversible increase in conductance was due to an increase in the paracellular conductance. The duration of the initial delay and plateau phase was inversely related to the concentration of serosal urea. Addition of urea to both the mucosa and serosal sides of the urothelium resulted in an increase in the duration of the delay, a decrease in the magnitude of the exponential increase, and an increase in the duration of the plateau phase. Thus symmetric urea delays the loss of urothelial barrrier function caused by serosal urea. The ability of mucosal urea to delay the onset of the irreversible increase of urothelial conductance allows the urothelium to perform its primary function, which is to act as a barrier to the movement of water, electrolytes, and nonelectrolytes between the urine and plasma." @default.
- W2156208459 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2156208459 date "2001-06-01" @default.
- W2156208459 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2156208459 title "Long-term effects of urea on urothelial barrier function" @default.
- W2156208459 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0090-4295(01)01048-2" @default.
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