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• W2157816211 abstract "Jupiter has an intrinsic luminosity, and most, if not all of its interior is believed to be fluid and of low viscosity. These imply a regime of thermally driven turbulent convection. The convection is likely to be strongly constrained by the planet's rotation, and should maintain a nearly adiabatic interior with small horizontal gradients in temperature. Observations at visible wavelengths depict a cloudy atmosphere with a system of westerly and easterly jets with peak-to-peak amplitudes of up to ∼200 m/sec near the equator. Near the equator the specific angular momentum exceeds that corresponding to corotation with the interior. How the observed multiple-jet system is driven is closely related to how deeply it extends into Jupiter; neither is known. A jet system which extends into the adiabatic interior would imply that the convective eddies themselves are an important source of zonal momentum. Analyses of Voyager images have suggested that the eddies at the observable cloud level tend to transport net zonal momentum countergradiently into the jets, but this interpretation may suffer from nonuniform and incomplete sampling. Moreover, the momentum transport by any secondary circulation induced by such eddies has not been addressed. Between the visible cloud layer and adiabatic interior lies a transition zone about which little is known. Latent heat release by condensibles, disequilibrium between ortho- and para-hydrogen, and baroclinic/symmetric instabilities might contribute significantly in maintaining the vertical and horizontal thermal structure of this region. Theory and observation suggest that, except for a limited range of altitudes, the mean lapse rate in the transition zone is close to dry adiabatic. Horizontal gradients in temperature are not well constrained. Above the clouds, in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, the observed temperatures suggest a decay of the zonal winds with altitude. This is consistent with a forced mean meridional circulation with frictional and radiative damping, which has upwelling and adiabatic cooling at the latitudes of anticyclonic vorticity. In the upper stratosphere, the meridional temperature anomalies tend to reverse sign. The cause of this is not known and could have either a radiative or dynamical origin. Additionally, there is a global north-south asymmetry in temperature, suggestive of a seasonal forcing and implying a cross-equatorial circulation at high altitudes." @default.
• W2157816211 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2157816211 creator A5015109954 @default.
• W2157816211 date "1986-02-01" @default.
• W2157816211 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2157816211 title "Global dynamics and thermal structure of Jupiter's atmosphere" @default.
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• W2157816211 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0019-1035(86)90140-5" @default.
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