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- W2158029079 abstract "Nucleotides, such as ATP, ADP, UTP and UDP, and a variety of diadenosine polyphosphates (ApnAs) act as extracellular signalling substances in virtually all tissues. In particular, extracellular ATP is involved in a large variety of physiological and pathological functions. These involve roles for ATP in the following areas: (1) as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator in the central and peripheral nervous system; (2) as a key messenger in nociception; (3) as a tumour-inhibiting agent; (4) in the control of secretion from a variety of endocrine glands; (5) in the modulation of platelet aggregation by ADP; (6) in Cl− transport in the airway epithelia; (7) in renal function; and (8) in bone and cartilage disease. Molecular cloning work commencing in 1992 led to the identification of two families of nucleotide receptors (P2 receptors) and opened up the field for a molecular analysis of nucleotide signalling 1 Boarder M.R. et al. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 1995; 16: 133 139 Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (184) Google Scholar , 2 Buell G. Collo G. Rassendren F. Eur. J. Neurosci. 1996; 8: 2221-2228 Crossref PubMed Scopus (241) Google Scholar . The action of nucleotides is terminated by a surface-located enzyme cascade that sequentially degrades nucleoside 5′-triphosphates to their respective nucleosides and free phosphate or pyrophosphate. In the case of ATP, the extracellularly formed adenosine can itself modulate cellular functions via specific adenosine receptors 3 Fredholm B.B. et al. Drug Dev. Res. 1996; 39: 262-268 Crossref Scopus (26) Google Scholar or serve purine salvage after re-uptake by plasma membrane-located adenosine transporters 4 Thorn J.A. Jarvis S.M. Gen. Pharmacol. 1996; 27: 613-620 Crossref PubMed Scopus (204) Google Scholar . Not only ATP, but virtually all physiologically occurring purine and pyrimidine nucleoside 5′-tri, di- and monophosphates are hydrolysed by ectoenzymes 5 Zimmermann H. Prog. Neurobiol. 1996; 49: 589-618 Crossref PubMed Scopus (398) Google Scholar , 6 Zimmermann H. Drug Dev. Res. 1996; 39: 337-352 Crossref Scopus (151) Google Scholar ." @default.
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- W2158029079 date "1999-06-01" @default.
- W2158029079 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2158029079 title "Two novel families of ectonucleotidases: molecular structures, catalytic properties and a search for function" @default.
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- W2158029079 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0165-6147(99)01293-6" @default.
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