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- W2158702514 abstract "A developing economy such as that of the Philippines faces the challenge ofhow to create an enabling environment for economic growth and development. The policy development process leads to the creation of that environment, but how does one nudge forward the policy development process? Whyare some reforms adopted while others face stiff resistance? The policy development process is not a disembodied phenomenon but is nested in an effectivelyfunctional institutional setting. There can be no effective policy development process if institutions supporting and implementing it are ineffective ordysfunctional.Many factors may explain the acceptance of or resistance to reforms, suchas the message content of the proposed reform or package of reforms, therelative impacts on various sectors of the economy, the identity of gainers andlosers, the presence of a broad coalition of support or lack of it, and manyothers. This chapter maintains that acceptance of or resistance to reforms, oreven of the whole policy development process, may be influenced by the presence and active participation of institutions supporting the process. Boththe content (message) of the reform and the medium used for acceptance ofthe reform are equally important. In this chapter the ‘medium’ referred to is theset of institutions that help or motivate the policy development process.A distinction can be made between institutions supporting the policy devel-opment process and institutions implementing it. Typical discussions wouldfocus on the important role of implementing institutions in the developmentagenda. The recent experience of fast-growing ASEAN countries such asMalaysia and Thailand shows that it is not sufficient to have the right development policies; it is equally, if not more important, to have effective (implementing) institutions. A combination of efficient policies, enlightened andstrong leadership and competent institutions is indispensable to growth anddevelopment. For instance, a country may enact a competition law in supportof the market economy that establishes a framework for promoting the competitive process and economic efficiency, but it will need an effective operational structure to enforce that competition law. Implementing institutions,whether formal or informal, are thus the means through which authority isexercised in the management of resources of the state.However, the other type of institution, the supporting institution, also hasa unique role in the policy development process and in creating the enablingenvironment for well functioning markets. This chapter discusses the criticalrole that supporting institutions, such as independent review institutions andcoordinating institutions, can play in moving forward the policy developmentprocess. It is common to identify inputs to the policy-making process as ifthese were given. However, this chapter considers how such inputs are produced and suggests a strategy to improve their production and disseminationto policy makers. The paper uses the experience with current reform efforts ofthe Philippines in public expenditure management to illustrate the strategicrole of supporting institutions in producing and providing important inputsto key policy makers for decision making and thus, in nudging forward thepolicy development process.The chapter discusses not only the instruments for moving forward thepolicy development process (e.g. the supporting institutions) but also theprocess of moving it forward. Implicitly, the chapter acknowledges the limitations of focusing exclusively on what policy reforms are needed or on whatinstitutional arrangements would bring about the policy development process,and indicates the need to understand the policy development process itself. It isimportant to grasp how policy reforms are formulated, reviewed or amendedand presented to the public and finally, to decision makers at the executivelevel, or if needed, to legislators. The end goal of the policy development process is a reformed environment, but sometimes the discourse on this processsays very little, if at all, about how to shift from a pre-reformed situation to thereformed situation, that is, the dynamics of moving to a new paradigm. To putin proper context the challenges in the Philippines’ policy development process,the next section provides a bird’s eye view of the current situation." @default.
- W2158702514 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2158702514 creator A5020568375 @default.
- W2158702514 date "2009-12-16" @default.
- W2158702514 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2158702514 title "The policy development process and the agenda for effective institutions in the Philippines" @default.
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- W2158702514 doi "https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203874004-14" @default.
- W2158702514 hasPublicationYear "2009" @default.
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