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- W2159057977 abstract "ABSTRACT Microbial mass can be said to occur in one of two states; as ‘flocs’ freely suspended in an aqueous medium, or as a ‘film’ adhering to a support surface. Industrial fermenter configurations, at least since the development of deep-tank fermentation, have almost invariably been based on the use of microbial flocs, and the occurrence of a visible microbial film during fermentation is generally avoided. Exceptions include the ‘trickling filter’ in the waste water treatment industry, ‘vinegar’ towers, animal tissue culture and microbial leaching. Under the stimulus of increasing industrialization, aerobic fermenters evolved from configurations based upon surface growth at the gas-liquid interface to the use of suspended cultures in stirred-tank arrangements. The application of this latter configuration to continuous operation is subject to a number of basic disadvantages, particularly ‘wash-out’ and the difficulties inherent in the provision of an appropriate environmental history for the microbial mass. These disadvantages can to some extent be overcome with fermenter configurations based upon the use both of microbial films and flocs. The kinetics of microbial films are now sufficiently well understood, at least for growth-associated systems, to justify inclusion in the conventional theories for both batch and continuous fermentation. Such theoretical treatments illustrate some of the advantages of using microbial films in terms of increased productivity, absence of wash-out, etc., as well as suggesting the magnitude of the surface area: fermenter volume ratios necessary in particular cases." @default.
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- W2159057977 date "1973-01-01" @default.
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- W2159057977 title "The role of microbial films in fermentation" @default.
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- W2159057977 doi "https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197336030279" @default.
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