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• W2159717752 abstract "The inland waters of Africa, and especially its large rivers, determined much of the original geographical exploration of the continent. Subsequently, their scientific study has contributed to the science of inland waters in general and of tropical inland waters in particular. The history of this tropical study is outlined below. It draws upon personal experience in several African universities and a research institute, vivid impressions of aquatic habitats and communities within African landscapes, and a desire to move from individual descriptions to wider comparisons and the underlying fundamentals. In any history of scientific endeavour in Africa, the human factor deserves special attention. In colonial times much science, like trade, followed the flag. In Africa, unlike South America, this phase extended over – and benefited from – a period of rapid growth in freshwater science. Later, after the 1950s and widespread political independence, the science continued from both pre-established and new institutions – mainly universities and fishery institutes. These gave new opportunities to indigenous staff, and often hosted relatively brief expeditions from abroad. International and inter-governmental projects grew in importance. They were planned with regard to perceived needs, technical and socio-economic, of a region; but they could also enrich fundamental insights within the subject. The wide coverage has necessarily involved the exclusion of detail on the contributions of individuals, although examples appear in the numerous references. In this I follow the pattern adopted in a history of British contributions to freshwater science." @default.
• W2159717752 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2159717752 creator A5062188483 @default.
• W2159717752 date "2010-05-14" @default.
• W2159717752 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W2159717752 title "A brief history of the scientific study of tropical African inland waters" @default.
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