FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2159974920> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W2159974920 endingPage "3082" @default.
• W2159974920 startingPage "3072" @default.
• W2159974920 abstract "Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder in which the hydroxylation of phenylalanine (Phe) to tyrosine is severely disrupted. If PKU is left untreated, severe mental retardation results. The accepted treatment is to restrict dietary intake of Phe. It has generally been thought that cognitive impairments are prevented if levels of Phe in plasma are maintained at or below five times the normal level. However, we recently documented that children treated early and continuously for PKU or children mildly hyperphenylalaninemic, who have levels of Phe in plasma approximately three to five times normal, still have cognitive impairments. These impairments are specific to the functions of frontal cortex (A. Diamond, W. Hurwitz, E. Lee, W. Grover, and C. Minarcik, unpublished observations). To investigate the mechanism underlying these cognitive deficits, an animal model of this condition was developed and characterized. Thirty-six rat pups were divided into three groups. The first group was treated pre- and postnatally with Phe and alpha-methylphenylalanine (a phenylalanine hydroxylase inhibitor). The second group was injected postnatally with Phe and alpha- methylphenylalanine. The third group received postnatal control injections. The mild plasma Phe elevations in the two experimental groups produced significant behavioral and neurochemical effects. Both experimental groups were impaired on a task dependent on frontal cortex, delayed alternation. Levels of dopamine, homovanillic acid (HVA), norepinephrine, and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) were measured in medial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, striatum, and nucleus accumbens. The largest neurochemical reductions observed were in HVA and were in the two frontal cortical areas (medial prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex). There were modest reductions in HVA in the nucleus accumbens but no significant changes in HVA, or in any other metabolite or neurotransmitter, in the striatum. The levels of 5-HIAA were also reduced in all brain regions examined. There was no effect on norepinephrine in any of the four regions examined. Reduced levels of HVA in medial prefrontal cortex were the only neurochemical effect that significantly correlated with every measure of performance on the delayed alternation task. This study provides evidence of deleterious effects from mild elevations in the levels of Phe in plasma previously considered small enough to be safe. These effects include impaired performance on a cognitive task dependent on frontal cortex and reduced HVA levels in frontal cortex.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)" @default.
• W2159974920 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2159974920 creator A5015523428 @default.
• W2159974920 creator A5017921526 @default.
• W2159974920 creator A5019849501 @default.
• W2159974920 creator A5075502680 @default.
• W2159974920 creator A5088576139 @default.
• W2159974920 date "1994-05-01" @default.
• W2159974920 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W2159974920 title "An animal model of early-treated PKU" @default.
• W2159974920 cites W118912282 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1462472419 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1492052951 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1580573478 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1659760658 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1700762969 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1810474833 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1819811694 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1934525866 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1948090175 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1969523924 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1973334699 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1974391609 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1976229306 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1976627224 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1979555459 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1979694623 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1981525906 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1982522522 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1984646993 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1987219131 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1991434325 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1992459813 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1992687142 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1994357188 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1997267699 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1997606084 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W1999942460 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2007760226 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2009797032 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2010681377 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2012198644 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2013564956 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W201611750 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2019052063 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2023379737 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2025487427 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2030115333 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2033084594 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2033668198 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2034322703 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2034581108 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2035092357 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2035235513 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2036064499 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2037949139 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2038190627 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2039285811 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2043750346 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2044468854 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2051424687 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2051481767 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2057661711 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2058396154 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2058505740 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2061073737 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2063242000 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2064631875 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2065856320 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2067758624 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2068535052 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2069937065 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2072973552 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2079892476 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2081486656 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2084661799 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2087946550 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2089281713 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2090574733 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2091195924 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2092205450 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2092448875 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2092465101 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2094099754 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2098848365 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2105300968 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2142182401 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2147083412 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2151440675 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2169845675 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2224427002 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2268197299 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2336645361 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2337857510 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2340770007 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2399591959 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2443195535 @default.
• W2159974920 cites W2528707326 @default.

• next