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- W2162233557 abstract "Time domain structures (TDS) (electrostatic or electromagnetic electron holes, solitary waves,double layers, etc.) are ≥1ms pulses having significant parallel (to the background magnetic field) electricfields. They are abundant through space and occur in packets of hundreds in the outer Van Allen radiationbelts where they produce magnetic-field-aligned electron pitch angle distributions at energies up to ahundred keV. TDS can provide the seed electrons that are later accelerated to relativistic energies by whistlersand they also produce field-aligned electrons that may be responsible for some types of auroras. Thesefield-aligned electron distributions result from at least three processes. The first process is parallel accelerationby Landau trapping in the TDS parallel electric field. The second process is Fermi acceleration due toreflection of electrons by the TDS. The third process is an effective and rapid pitch angle scattering resultingfrom electron interactions with the perpendicular and parallel electric and magnetic fields of many TDS.TDS are created by current-driven and beam-related instabilities and by whistler-related processes such asparametric decay of whistlers and nonlinear evolution from oblique whistlers. New results on the temporalrelationship of TDS and particle injections, types of field-aligned electron pitch angle distributions producedby TDS, the mechanisms for generation of field-aligned distributions by TDS, the maximum energies offield-aligned electrons created by TDS in the absence of whistler mode waves, TDS generation by obliquewhistlers and three-wave-parametric decay, and the correlation between TDS and auroral particle precipitation,are presented." @default.
- W2162233557 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2162233557 date "2015-05-28" @default.
- W2162233557 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W2162233557 title "Time domain structures: What and where they are, what they do, and how they are made" @default.
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- W2162233557 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/2015gl063946" @default.
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