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• W2166784191 abstract "Time-averaged concentration profiles over bedforms, measured using acoustic backscatter (ABS) instrumentation on a macrotidal beach at Whitsand Bay, Cornwall, UK, were dominated by vortex-type suspension profiles. Wave heights were typically in the range 0.25–1.0 m, with wave periods of between 5 and 8 s. Mean currents measured at 0.2 m above the bed were generally weak (<0.1 m s−1). Near-bed concentrations were compared with two reference concentration (Cref) models [Smith, J.D., McLean, S.R., 1977. Boundary layer adjustments to topography and suspended sediment. Mem. Soc. R. Sci. Liege 11, 123–151; Nielsen, P., 1986. Suspended sediment concentrations under waves. Coastal Eng. 10, 23–31]. The resuspension coefficient (γ0) showed a strong dependence on the maximum skin friction Shields parameter (θ′). The Smith and McLean [Smith, J.D., McLean, S.R., 1977. Boundary layer adjustments to topography and suspended sediment. Mem. Soc. R. Sci. Liege 11, 123–151.] model implies that Cref(z0) increases with excess skin friction at the bed (θexcess′), however, field data showed no such correlation and the inclusion of a variable γ0 gave poor model predictions that tended to have Cref(z0) decreasing with increasing θexcess′. Reference concentrations at the bed (C0) were determined from the time-averaged concentration profiles using regression analysis. The Nielsen [Nielsen, P., 1986. Suspended sediment concentrations under waves. Coastal Eng. 10, 23–31.] model predicts that C0 increases rapidly with the modified skin friction Shields parameter (θr), however, extrapolated values of C0 showed no dependence on θr. In addition, model predictions were orders of magnitude higher than extrapolated values of C0. The influence of the bedforms on the magnitude of near-bed concentration measurements has been examined. We conclude that the observed variations in Cref over different bedforms (vortex ripples, lunate ripples, lunate mega-ripples) will need to be taken into account if model predictions of Cref, as a function of the skin friction Shields parameter, are to improve. The mixing height (L) predictions of the Nielsen [Nielsen, P., 1992. Combined convection–diffusion modelling of sediment entrainment. Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Coastal Engineering, Venice, 4–9 Oct. 1992, pp. 3202–3215.] and the Vincent and Osborne [Vincent, C.E., Osborne, P.D., 1995. Predicting suspended sand concentration profiles on a macrotidal beach. Cont. Shelf Res. 15, 1497–1514.] models have been compared with measured data. Although the predictions of both models were typically within a factor of two of L measurements, the Vincent and Osborne [Vincent, C.E., Osborne, P.D., 1995. Predicting suspended sand concentration profiles on a macrotidal beach. Cont. Shelf Res. 15, 1497–1514.] model is believed to be more appropriate for modelling L over bedforms; as field data showed a strong dependence of L on θ′, and model predictions do not rely on bedform data." @default.
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• W2166784191 date "1999-12-01" @default.
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• W2166784191 title "Comparison of time-averaged acoustic backscatter concentration profile measurements with existing predictive models" @default.
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• W2166784191 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-3227(99)00058-4" @default.
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