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- W2167032249 abstract "Mapping by admixture linkage disequilibrium (LD) detected strong association between nonmuscle myosin heavy chain 9 gene (<i>MYH9</i>) variants on chromosome 22 and nondiabetic nephropathy in African Americans. <i>MYH9</i>-related variants were posited to be the probable, but not necessarily the definitive, causal variants as a result of impressive statistical evidence of association, renal expression, and a role in autosomal dominant <i>MYH9</i> disorders characterized by progressive glomerulosclerosis (Epstein and Fechtner syndromes). Dense mapping within <i>MYH9</i> revealed striking LD patterns and racial variation in risk allele frequencies, suggesting population genetic factors such as selection may be operative in this region. Genovese and colleagues examined large chromosomal regions adjacent to <i>MYH9</i> using genome-wide association methods and non-HapMap single nucleotide polymorphisms identified in Yoruba from the 1000 Genomes project. Statistically stronger associations were detected between two independent sequence variants in the Apolipoprotein L1 gene (<i>APOL1</i>) and nondiabetic nephropathy in African Americans, with odds ratios of 10.5 in idiopathic FSGS and 7.3 in hypertension-attributed ESRD. These kidney disease risk variants likely rose to high frequency in Africa because they confer resistance to trypanosomal infection and protect from African sleeping sickness. Risk variants in <i>MYH9</i> and <i>APOL1</i> are in strong LD, and the genetic risk that was previously attributed to <i>MYH9</i> may reside, in part or in whole, in <i>APOL1</i>, although more complex models of risk cannot be excluded. This association likely explains racial disparities in nondiabetic nephropathy as a result of the high prevalence of risk alleles in individuals of African ancestry." @default.
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- W2167032249 date "2010-09-01" @default.
- W2167032249 modified "2023-10-07" @default.
- W2167032249 title "The Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) Gene and Nondiabetic Nephropathy in African Americans" @default.
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- W2167032249 doi "https://doi.org/10.1681/asn.2010070730" @default.
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