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• W2167268416 startingPage "4069" @default.
• W2167268416 abstract "ABSTRACT Transcription of the Bacillus anthracis structural genes for the anthrax toxin proteins and biosynthetic operon for capsule is positively regulated by AtxA, a transcription regulator with unique properties. Consistent with the role of atxA in virulence factor expression, a B. anthracis atxA -null mutant is avirulent in a murine model for anthrax. In culture, multiple signals impact atxA transcript levels, and the timing and steady-state level of atxA expression are critical for optimal toxin and capsule synthesis. Despite the apparent complex control of atxA transcription, only one trans -acting protein, the transition state regulator AbrB, has been demonstrated to interact directly with the atxA promoter. Here we employ 5′ and 3′ deletion analysis and site-directed mutagenesis of the atxA control region to demonstrate that atxA transcription from the major start site P1 is dependent upon a consensus sequence for the housekeeping sigma factor SigA and an A+T-rich upstream element for RNA polymerase. We also show that an additional trans -acting protein(s) binds specifically to atxA promoter sequences located between −13 and +36 relative to P1 and negatively impacts transcription. Deletion of this region increases promoter activity up to 15-fold. Site-directed mutagenesis of a 9-bp palindromic sequence within the region prevents binding of the trans -acting protein(s), increasing promoter activity 7-fold and resulting in a corresponding increase in AtxA and anthrax toxin production. Notably, an atxA promoter mutant that produced elevated levels of AtxA and toxin proteins during culture was unaffected for virulence in a murine model for anthrax." @default.
• W2167268416 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2167268416 creator A5083931285 @default.
• W2167268416 date "2012-08-01" @default.
• W2167268416 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W2167268416 title "<i>cis</i> -Acting Elements That Control Expression of the Master Virulence Regulatory Gene <i>atxA</i> in Bacillus anthracis" @default.
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• W2167268416 doi "https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.00776-12" @default.
• W2167268416 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3416520" @default.
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