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- W2170689096 abstract "<sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>13</sup> C steady state free precession (SSFP) magnetic resonance imaging and effective spin-spin relaxation time (T2) mapping were performed using hyperpolarized [ <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>13</sup> C] urea and [ <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>13</sup> C, <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>15</sup> N <sub xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>2</sub> ] urea injected intravenously in rats. <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>15</sup> N labeling gave large T2 increases both in solution and in vivo due to the elimination of a strong scalar relaxation pathway. The T2 increase was pronounced in the kidney, with [ <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>13</sup> C, <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>15</sup> N2] urea giving T2 values of 6.3±1.3 s in the cortex and medulla, and 11±2 s in the renal pelvis. The measured T2 in the aorta was 1.3±0.3 s. [ <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>13</sup> C] urea showed shortened T2 values in the kidney of 0.23±0.03 s compared to 0.28±0.03 s measured in the aorta. The enhanced T2 of [ <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>13</sup> C, <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>15</sup> N2] urea was utilized to generate large signal enhancement by SSFP acquisitions with flip angles approaching the fully refocused regime. Projection images at 0.94 mm in-plane resolution were acquired with both urea isotopes, with [ <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>13</sup> C, <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>15</sup> N2] urea giving a greater than four-fold increase in signal-to-noise ratio over [ <sup xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink>13</sup> C] urea." @default.
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- W2170689096 title "High Resolution <formula formulatype=inline><tex Notation=TeX>$^{13}$</tex></formula>C MRI With Hyperpolarized Urea: In Vivo <formula formulatype=inline><tex Notation=TeX>$T_{2}$</tex></formula> Mapping and <formula formulatype=inline> <tex Notation=TeX>$^{15}$</tex></formula>N Labeling Effects" @default.
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- W2170689096 doi "https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2013.2285120" @default.
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