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• W2171563179 abstract "Cold, subducted lithosphere has relatively fast seismic velocity which leads to early arrivals for some event‐station paths. The effect is very large for events in the Tonga‐Kermadec deep seismic zone recorded at certain New Zealand stations. These particular arrivals are very high‐frequency (3 Hz or greater) and sometimes resemble two distinct phases, the later arrival appearing at about the time predicted by Jeffreys‐Bullen tables. Data from the digital station SNZO in Wellington confirm the travel time results of the analog stations and furthermore show frequencies above 5 Hz, much higher than can be seen on analog records, and up to 4% dispersion in the range 1–8 Hz. Energy in the second phase (which is often absent at SNZO) is mainly 1–2 Hz. The digital data support the idea, proposed earlier, that the effect is caused by propagation through a thin slab which passes only short‐wavelength waves. The essential features of the wave propagation are modeled by acoustic waves in a one‐dimensional high‐velocity slab; the waveforms produced by the model are discussed in terms of the leaky modes of the system and calculated by a reflectivity method. A very thin (< 15 km) uniform slab provides the required dispersion, but the waves are heavily attenuated and would never be observed at teleseismic distances; a thicker slab allows the energy through but does not give enough dispersion. Altering the variation of velocity across the slab provides the required dispersion if a thick high‐velocity layer, with wave speed increasing gradually with height, is overlain by a thin lid of even higher velocity. For the models considered the lid thickness must lie in the range 6–15 km and be continuous from a depth of about 50 km to the bottom of the earthquake zone. The thick layer could arise from the thermal anomaly in the subducted lithosphere; the thin lid may be the gabbroic part of the subducted crust that has transformed to eclogite." @default.
• W2171563179 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2171563179 creator A5030635916 @default.
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• W2171563179 date "1991-04-10" @default.
• W2171563179 modified "2023-10-11" @default.
• W2171563179 title "Dispersion of <i>P</i> waves in subducted lithosphere: Evidence for an eclogite layer" @default.
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• W2171563179 doi "https://doi.org/10.1029/90jb02741" @default.
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