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• W2171945881 abstract "In the 1980s, the United Nations and nongovernmental agencies initiated a wave of conceptual thinking aimed at advancing the access of low-income populations to certain services and capabilities by using basic, rudimentary, and unsophisticated instrumentation. This so-called “appropriate technology” could reach rugged, remote areas where running water, refrigeration, and electricity were often lacking. The term low tech was adopted as a synonym for this effort to reduce the level of technologic complexity to the existing level of poverty, illiteracy, and underschooling of tropical community settings. The syllogism became “complex societies, complex solutions; simple societies, simple solutions.” Soon, however, it dawned on many of us in the human biology community that these quick-and-dirty solutions tended more to institutionalize the extant underdevelopment than to advance the societies. Scrimshaw (1) expressed his view on the topic as follows: “Whatever technology is economically, socially and politically feasible as well as effective for relieving malnutrition in developing countries is ‘appropriate,’ regardless of the degree of sophistication or lack of it.” Isotope-dilution tests are a domain from which research donors often shy away. Such donors need to heed the words of another prophet of our community, the late James Allen Olson (2, 3), who editorialized in these pages the need to move this technology to appropriate venues, including developing countries. This admonition was taken seriously by a consortium of investigators (4), who in this issue of the Journal introduce us to the concept of bioefficacy. This multiinstitutional collaborative team used isotopedilution tests to examine the thorny problem of the extent of bioconversion of provitamin A carotenoids in Indonesian children. It seems appropriate that bringing isotope technology to Third World problems for which it is needed should mobilize international collaboration, bridging South and North. In early instances of isotopic studies related to vitamin A status, the University of California joined with the International Diarrhoeal Disease Research Centre‐Bangladesh (5), and our 2, respective institutions in Boston and in Guatemala combined their respective comparative advantages (6). van Lieshout et al (4) have extended this collaborative model. The academic home of the present study was Wageningen University, Wageningen, and University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Field operations in a setting conducive to exploring vitamin A nutriture questions were based at the Nutrition Research and Development Centre in the West Javanese city of Bogor, Indonesia. Synthesis of the specific isotope-labeled � -carotene was the contribution of the Leiden Institute of Chemistry (Leiden, Netherlands), and the analysis of the isomerization and the gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry" @default.
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• W2171945881 date "2001-05-01" @default.
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• W2171945881 title "“Appropriate technology” for vitamin A field research," @default.
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• W2171945881 doi "https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/73.5.849" @default.
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