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- W21720052 abstract "' lthough Scandinavia was never invaded, and no layered society jf'_of conqueror and conquered ever formed, people there created a layered society by introducing slaves or thralls. Below the active participating members of the peasant community, a large body of nonparticipating, socially invisible persons accumulated. The way in which these two types of layered society were organized is important for understanding the transition to modern Europe.2 On the Continent kingdoms were extended by battle without regard to underlying ethnic differences and customs of self-government. Territories and their populations changed hands not only by conquest, but also by trading and even by presentation as a birthday gift. In Scandinavia, in contrast, the original society remained intact. Decision making and control remained in the hands of the indigenous people. The problems that beset them were resolved by using their traditional organizational forms rather than being settled by fiat through an alien, armed administrative authority. This is a study of social status, societal membership, and decisionmaking processes at a time of fundamental structural change in Sweden at the dawn of written history. The remarkable thing about north Europe is that history began so late. History by definition begins with written records, and most of everything that happened in the world had happened before the history of north Europe began. In most cases, historical materials describing the original, primitive society are lacking since the skill of writing came with the Church. But the proscription against slaving also came with the Church. Thus, if Scandinavia's written history were our only source, it would appear that we might never know that slavery once existed there. Fortunately Sweden offers an exceptional case - slavery continued to exist there for a period of time after the introduction of writing, and the succession of decisions phasing out slavery may be studied.8 Leading up to the analysis of the decision-making processes, the article is divided into sections describing the arrival of the Church, 57" @default.
- W21720052 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W21720052 date "1978-01-01" @default.
- W21720052 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W21720052 title "THE ENDING OF SLAVERY IN SWEDEN: SOCIAL STRUCTURE AND DECISION MAKING1" @default.
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