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- W2178727220 abstract "Waller, Katja Leisure-time physical activity, weight gain and health – A prospective followup in twins Jyvaskyla: University of Jyvaskyla, 2011, 88 p. (Studies in Sport, Physical Education and Health ISSN 0356-1070; 175) ISBN 978-951-39-4449-0 (nid.) ISBN 978-951-39-4450-6 (PDF) The aim of this study was to find out if leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), adjusted for genetic factors and childhood environment, protects against mortality, type 2 diabetes and other chronic diseases and against increases in weight and waist circumference. All participants were selected from the large Finnish Twin Cohort, which included 12 069 twin pairs in 1975. To investigate the occurrence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), 20 487 individuals were selected who were free of diabetes and had data on LTPA and BMI in 1975. These individuals were divided into quintiles according to their LTPA MET index. T2D risk was assessed between 1.1.1976 and 31.12.2004. For the long-term discordance analyses, 146 from 5663 healthy adult twin pairs were identified as discordant for both intensity and volume of LTPA in 1975 and 1981. Mortality analyses were carried out between 1.1.1983 and 31.12.2004. Among the 146 pairs, 95 sets of twin pairs (76 DZ, 19 MZ) were alive and participated in a follow-up telephone interview in 2005 (mean age 58.5y, range 48-78). The interview included detailed questions on the continuation of LTPA, self-measured weight and waist circumference and occurrence of chronic disease. Paired tests (McNemar’s test, t-test, conditional logistic regression, Cox proportional hazard model) were used in the statistical analyses. The paired type 2 diabetes analyses among the whole 1975 cohort showed that the BMI-adjusted hazard ratio for the active (quintiles II-V) compared to sedentary (quintile I) co-twins at follow-up was 0.54 (95% CI 0.37-0.78). Among the 146 LTPA discordant pairs, 24 co-twins (16 inactive and 8 active) had died by the end of 2004. The active co-twins had a reduced risk of all-cause mortality as social class-adjusted HR was 0.39 (95 % CI 0.18 – 0.85). This was not found among the small number of MZ pairs. Among the 95 interviewed pairs, the risk of type 2 diabetes or glucose intolerance (OR= 0.09, p=0.022) and incident elevated blood pressure (OR=0.46, p=0.039) was lower among the active co-twins. The active co-twins were more satisfied with their life at follow-up (p=0.047). In contrast, the active co-twins showed a tendency towards more sports-related injuries (OR=1.9, p=0.051). Within the subgroup of 42 pairs discordant for LTPA over 30 years, mean weight gain from 1975 through 2005 was 5.4 kg (95% CI 2.0-8.9, p=0.003) less and waist circumference 8.4 cm smaller (95% CI 4.0-12.7 cm, p<0.001) at follow-up among the active compared to inactive co-twins. Physical activity helps in maintaining overall health by decreasing the rate of weight gain, lowering waist circumference and reducing the risk for clinical T2D. However, genetic factors may play a role in explaining some of the associations between mortality, disease occurrence and physical activity, as some of the findings were more clearer among the dizygotic than monozygotic twin pairs discordant for LTPA." @default.
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- W2178727220 title "Leisure-time physical activity, weight gain and health : a prospective follow-up in twins" @default.
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