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- W2181387885 abstract "When Japan ratified the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) in 1979, it reserved the right not to be bound by “in particular by the progressive introduction of free education” in applying the provision of subparagraph (c) of paragraph 2 of article 13 of ICESCR. Although Japan withdrew the reservation 33 years later, on September 11, 2012, the percentage of household expenditure in the total of public and private expenditure for tertiary education has significantly increased. This situation is a result of government policy, “The beneficiary payment principle”. The Basic Plan for the Promotion of Education, which was approved by the Japanese cabinet on June 14, 2013, did not include increasing public expenditure to the average of OECD countries, despite a recommendation in the draft of the Basic Plan by the Central Education Council. In this article, through researching General Comments of Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR) and ICESCR, I argue that the Japanese government is obligated to take steps to fully implement article 13 (2) (c)." @default.
- W2181387885 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2181387885 date "2013-01-01" @default.
- W2181387885 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2181387885 title "Implications of the Withdrawal of the Reservation to the Art.13 (2) (c) of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights" @default.
- W2181387885 hasPublicationYear "2013" @default.
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