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- W2182052912 abstract "As linguistic input arrives, listeners rapidly integrate that input with preceding context and generate expectations about the upcoming input. Some of the most striking evidence comes from studies using the visual world paradigm (Cooper, 1974, Tanenhaus, Spivey-Knowlton, Eberhard & Sedivy). For example, in a seminal study, Altmann & Kamide (1999) found that as listeners hear a verb,they generate anticipatory eye movements to a likely theme or patient (also see, Boland, 2000). Similarly, Chambers and colleagues have demonstrated anticipatory eye movements to to objects that contain the appropriate affordances for prepositions, for example making anticipatory eye movements to a container such as a can rather than a plate when the preposition “inside” is used (Chambers, Tanenhaus, Eberhard, Filip & Carlson, 2002). One surprising exception appears to be definite articles, such as “the,” where current comprehension data does not ostensibly capture the strength of offline judgments and theoretical analyses. It is widely accepted that definite noun phrases such as “the can” assume that the referent is uniquely identifiable. The definite article paradigmatically appears in noun phrases (NPs) that select a uniquely identifiable referent from the known world or discourse. The President of the United States of America (at present) refers exclusively to Barack Obama; the largest planet in our solar system refers exclusively to Jupiter. Instances in which the referent of an expression is semantically unique in fact require the definite article. For example, the use of an indefinite article with a superlative (such as a largest planet in our solar system) is infelicitous. By contrast, indefinite articles canonically introduce new referents into the discourse. A bald man with glasses introduces an individual meeting that description into the common ground as a discourse entity. Unlike a typical definite NP, an indefinite NP does not presuppose the unique identifiability of its referent. While the distinction we are drawing here between definite and indefinite NPs ignores important nuances, it nevertheless captures the way NPs are generally divided: definite NPs refer to specific, unique discourse referents, and indefinite NPs introduce new discourse referents, or refer to entities" @default.
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- W2182052912 date "2009-01-01" @default.
- W2182052912 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2182052912 title "Special but not unique: Weak denite noun phrases" @default.
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