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- W2182221029 abstract "The South African avocado industry covers c 8 500 ha and has generated c R100 million and R30 million pa on the export and local markets, respectively, over the last four years (C J Partridge, personal communication). Until recently, South African avocados have had few, and relatively unimportant, pests. In 1982 only four insect species causing lesions on avocado fruit were listed, including red-banded thrips Selenothrips rubrocinctus (Giard) and greenhouse thrips Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouche), which were regarded as not serious enough to warrant insecticidal control (Annecke & Moran, 1982). By 1990, however, the number of recorded species causing lesions on avocado fruit had increased to > 10 and there has been an increase in the importance of some pests. Packhouse surveys in the Nelspruit-Hazyview region during 1990 showed that c 10% of the fruit had to be culled due to insect damage. Coconut bug Pseudothemptus wayi (Brown), the pest damaging most fruit (4,7%), was not mentioned by Annecke & Moran (1982) and was subsequently noted as only a potentially serious pest on avocado fruit (Viljoen, 1986). The abovementioned thrips species, S rubrocinctus and H haemorrhoidalis, together were the second most important pests, accounting for a loss of 2,1% of the fruit. Outbreaks of these two thrips species caused losses of up to 80% of fruit in the Hazyview area (25°S; 31°E) during 1989 (B J Durand, personal communication). The damage done to the fruit by the two thrips species is similar: by feeding on the pericarps with their piercing-sucking mouthparts they superficially damage the tissue and extract chlorophyll, which causes bronzing of the fruit surface. Heavy infestations cause the pericarp to crack. Fruit damaged by these species are unsuitable for export (de Villiers & van den Berg, 1987; de Villiers, 1990). The damage caused by the thrips to avocado fruit is unlike that caused by most Thripidae to the fruit of other plant species. Thrips usually feed in flowers and under the calyces, damaging the bases of the developing fruit. The damaged area eventually appears as a ring or half-moon of scar" @default.
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- W2182221029 date "1992-09-01" @default.
- W2182221029 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W2182221029 title "Orius thripoborus (Anthocoridae), a potential biocontrol agent of Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis and Selenothrips rubrocinctus (Thripidae) on avocado fruits in the eastern Transvaal." @default.
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