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• W2182922686 abstract "This paper presents a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) -based modeling of blood flow in branched microfluidic channels, in order to enhance the effectiveness of conventional plasma skimming techniques. Here, we propose a multi- layer model of blood flow in branched microchannels, with which the thickness of the plasma layer could be estimated more precisely than that based on the spatially-uniform distribution of the fluid viscosity. The thickness of each layer is identified by successive CFD simulations, dependent on the flow-rate ratios among the main and branch channels. The proposed approach is verified through pig blood separation tests using PDMS devices. This paper presents CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) -based modeling of blood flow in branched microfluidic channels, in order to enhance the effectiveness of conventional plasma skimming techniques (1, 2). The principle of the present plasma skimming technique is shown in Fig. 1a. The whole blood is supplied from the inlet of the main channel and the plasma component is collected from the outlet of the branch channels. In microfluidic channels, the Reynolds number is extremely low, so that the motion of fluids is characterized by stable laminar flow and the particles move along the streamlines. When small solid particles are considered, the route followed by a particle at a bifurcation is de- termined by whether the particle's center is included in the inflow layer (plasma layer) to the branch channel. For optimizing the performance of this branching mechanism, we perform CFD simulations taking into consideration the spatial change of the fluid viscosity. PDMS devices are fabricated by the standard soft lithography technique as shown in Fig. 1b. In this study, we propose a multi-layer model of blood flow in branched microchannels, with which the thickness of the plasma layer could be estimated more precisely than that based on the spatially-uniform distribution of the fluid viscosity. Owing to the fact that no theoretical flow profile is available for bifurcating channels in compari- son to the case of the simple straight channel (3), we perform CFD analyses to obtain streamline distributions under var- ious design conditions. In our proposed approach, the thickness of each layer is identified by successive CFD simula- tions, dependent on the flow-rate ratios among the main (sample-solution supplied) and branch (liquid-extracting) channels. The results of the present simulation are verified through separation tests using pseudo blood and pig blood. CFD SIMULATION We investigate the effects of the flow ratio r (= Qmain/Qbranch) between the flow rate of the main channel (Qmain) and that of the branch channel (Qbranch) and of the geometry of the channel (height h and main channel width w). In the present study, a software package COMSOL Multiphysics 3.4 was employed to perform 3D computation using the in- compressible Navier-Stoke equation as the governing equation. The boundary conditions used were P = 0 (atmospheric pressure) for the inlet of the channel (Inlet) and no-slip conditions for the surfaces of the channel walls; the flow rate conditions for the channel outlets (Outlet 1 and Outlet 2) are based on the given flow-rate ratios. The total flow rate (Qmain + Qbranch) was set at 10 µl/min. The diameter of the branch channel was set at 10 µm, roughly the same as the size of blood cells. Figure 2 shows the schematic of the present multi-layer model. The whole region inside the channel consists of three layers with different viscosity: plasma layer, blood cell layer (the initial viscosity is bl = 3.8  10 -3 Pa·s, and increasing at every bifurcation), and transition layer (the thickness is prescribed as x1 = y1 = 2 m). We incorporate the present vis- cosity model into the flow simulation." @default.
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• W2182922686 date "2010-01-01" @default.
• W2182922686 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2182922686 title "NUMERICAL ESTIMATION OF PLASMA LAYER THICKNESS IN BRANCHED MICROCHANNEL USING A MULTI-LAYER MODEL OF BLOOD FLOW" @default.
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