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• W2183128540 abstract "The refl ection and refraction of light at a dielectric interface gives rise to forces due to changes in the photon momentum1. At the microscopic level, these forces are suffi cient to trap and rotate microscopic objects2,3. Such forces may have a profound impact in the emergent area of microfl uidics, where there is the desire to process minimal amounts of analyte. Th is places stringent criteria on the ability to pump, move and mix small volumes of fl uid, which will require the use of micro-components and their controlled actuation4–7. We demonstrate the modelling, fabrication and rotation of microgears based on the principle of form birefringence. Using a geometric anisotropy (a one-dimensional photonic crystal etched into the microgear), we can fabricate microgears of known birefringence, which may be readily rotated by manipulating the input polarization in a standard optical trap. Th is methodology off ers a new and powerful mechanism for generating a wide range of microfabricated machines, such as micropumps, that may be driven by purely optical control. Microfl uidic fl ow and its manipulation are central to lab-ona-chip biological diagnosis. Th e typical microfl uidic environment exhibits laminar fl ow, that is, low Reynolds numbers, with diff usion as the only mixing mechanism. A real challenge is then the ability to develop driven micro-components that can be used to enhance such purely diff usive processes and enable mixing in a wide variety of microlaboratories. A signifi cant step forward in the fi eld would be the production of micro-components that may be readily positioned and rotated without moving parts or dynamic-light-fi eld shaping, and at the same time off er full fl exibility in terms of micro-object shape and size. Several techniques for rotation exist in optical tweezers including the use of rotating light patterns, scattering or the transfer of spin or orbital angular momentum. To rotate generic micro-objects with any desired symmetry remains a challenge, however. Scattering of the trap light8–10 can rotate microgears, but the mechanism requires some asymmetry or optimal spatial shape and is thus not suited to rotating rotationally and bilaterally symmetric objects. Additionally, scattering is typically detrimental to optical tweezing and thus one cannot truly decouple the position in the beam focus of the trapped object and its sense or rate of rotation. Alternatively, transferring spin angular momentum from a light beam to a micro-object by birefringence off ers great promise as we can use this in a standard single-beam optical trap and obtain very y x z" @default.
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• W2183128540 date "2005-01-01" @default.
• W2183128540 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2183128540 title "All-optical control of microfl uidic components using form birefringence" @default.
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