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• W2183624833 abstract "Turkeys economy increasingly benefits from privileged trade, low wage levels and the steady influx of foreign direct investment. Capital accumulation produced by this rapid economic development has increased the land prices and triggered the reallocation of industry and trade. Most of the larger Turkish cities experience similar changes which have been characterized as In the megacity of Istanbul, government and financial investors realize ambitious infrastructure and commercial projects while in the so called centers of urban transformation neighborhoods are becoming increasingly threatened by dispossession. This has led to criticism about the role of central government in urban development and about the lack of citizen involvement in decision-making culminating in the Gezi Park demonstrations of June 2013. After German unification, The city of Berlin has been reallocated its former status as Germanys capital city. In the 1990ies the city had collected a heavy debt burden and was threatened by bankruptancy. City government had respndet by cuts in public spending and a land policy which aimed at selling out public and community real estate to highest bidding private investors. Since then, the city has experienced an unprecedent period of growth and reconstruction. With the ongoing impacts of the financial crisis in Europe and the formidable performance of the German economy, investment in Berlins real estate and infrastructure has gained a reputation as save heaven for profit seeking investors. In the meantime, land and real estate prices together with the cost of living have dramatically increased, while income levels have not. This has repeatedly triggered dissatisfaction about low transpareny of Berlins land policy and the low involvement of civil society in the planning of privatization and urban transformation projects. Recently the case of the Tempelhof Airfield Construction Project, which was brought to a complete stop by a referendum against government plans has provided a formidable example of citizens expressing their distrust in the abilities of their city government. In this paper we claim that in the process of urban transformation finding a compromise between commercial and community interest affords the redefinition of citizen and property rights accompanied by the emergence of a politically strong and tightly organized civil society. After a quick survey over contemporary theories of urban transformation and civil society development, we will analyze and explain current processes by which citizens organize their claims about customary, economic and political rights related to participation in planning. By means of case studies and interviews with leaders of neighborhood associations we analyze some of the instruments and potential of these types of civil society organizations for the inclusion of traditional and customary forms of neighborhoods into the urban decision making process. We find that new types of movements and neighborhood organizations aim at defending their members against forced eviction. Moreover, they organize voice thereby linking residents and local politicians. In this process, our paper highlights the importance of securing both, economic property rights and customary residential rights of citizens for successful and sustainable conflict resolution. Our paper ends with recommendations for the development and further formalization of urban resistance movements' organized efforts to participate in the process of urban transformation. Likewise we give recommendations for the better integration of these organizations in future processes of politics and planning." @default.
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• W2183624833 date "2014-01-01" @default.
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• W2183624833 title "54 rd Congress of the European Regional Science Association August 26-29, 2014, Saint Petersburg, Russia Regional Development & Globalization: Best practices Cooperative Responses to Urban Transformation: Lessons from İstanbul and Berlin" @default.
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